Lock the guest pages of the range with VirtualLock or mlock, following FreeBSD mlock(2): the range is widened to guest pages, a zero length succeeds, a wrapping range is EINVAL and a range that is not mapped and accessible is ENOMEM. The Windows working set limits and the Linux RLIMIT_MEMLOCK soft limit are raised when the lock needs it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libkernel did not export sceKernelMapNamedFlexibleMemoryInternal, which
the libc bundled with SDK 9 titles imports. It now forwards to
sceKernelMapNamedFlexibleMemory: the mapping counts against the flexible
budget, gets the range name and is released by sceKernelMunmap. Older
libc builds call the public function at the same sites with the same
arguments and result handling.
The known callers pass flag 0x8000, whose meaning is unknown. It is
still rejected as an unsupported mapping flag and is recorded in
TechnicalDebt.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Sign-in, web browser and player dialogs finish cancelled; the message dialog finishes at once;
NpAuth, entitlement consumption, reachability, account age and the NpUtility bandwidth test
report signed out; sceKernelMtypeprotect changes the protection (the memory type has no host
equivalent); the APR ForEach resolvers resolve every path and report each failure in its own
result entry. vswprintf's stub is dropped in favor of the existing wide-formatter
implementation, which already covers it on every platform.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
std::tmpfile() places the shared direct memory backing in /tmp, so a
title's direct memory counts against that filesystem's size (a tmpfs is
half of RAM by default): once /tmp fills, touching a backing page raises
SIGBUS. memfd_create gives the same shared memory pages without a
filesystem or its size limit.
Both ignored the flags and the requested address and reserved wherever the arena
had room, so a title that reserves a fixed range (Marvel's Wolverine passes
0x400010, MAP_FIXED | MAP_NO_COALESCE) and then uses the address it asked for
touched memory it never reserved. A fixed reservation now lands at the address,
after checking the range is free; other reservations are placed as before.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
GuestMemory::CollectWrites was built on the Windows arena's MEM_WRITE_WATCH
and answered 0 on Linux, so every cached copy of guest memory (textures,
resident render targets, buffers, DCC key proofs) read as changed at every
check: resident targets were stored and re-uploaded at every refresh and
unit shadows stayed off. Astro Bot's intro ran at ~3 fps.
libc gains GuestWriteWatch, the Linux counterpart of GetWriteWatch. Every
guest mapping libkernel makes (MapAligned: fixed, hinted and aligned) is
registered with one userfaultfd in asynchronous write-protect mode
(UFFD_FEATURE_WP_ASYNC: the kernel lifts a page's protection on its first
write without a handler thread, for user and kernel-mode writes alike), and
PAGEMAP_SCAN with PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING reports the pages written since the
last scan of a range and protects them again in one call. Unmap forgets
the range. Direct memory is mapped from shared backings over its
reservation and a fixed remap replaces the mapping, so both register the
new mapping afresh. The watch is per mapping: a write through one mapping
of shared physical pages is not seen at another, so physical pages mapped
at more than one address leave the watch in every mapping of them.
A registered mapping reads as written until a collect covers it. The watch
keeps that itself instead of relying on how the kernel classifies pages
never faulted in: Linux 6.17 reports a range without page tables as not
written and leaves it unprotected, 7.2 reports it as written. The first
collect of a fresh range reports it written and write-protects it with
UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, which puts markers on its unpopulated pages
(UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED), so from then on only real writes report.
Fallback: the userfaultfd is opened with UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY where
vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd restricts it, and a probe at startup checks the
mechanism on scratch pages (a populated and an unpopulated page written
after protection report exactly, untouched ones do not). Without it (kernel
older than 6.7, no userfaultfd permission, headers without PAGEMAP_SCAN, or
APS5_NO_WRITE_WATCH=1) the watch reports unavailable and the tracker stays
unwatched exactly as before: CollectWrites answers 0 and callers compare
bytes. A range with a page outside the registered mappings also answers 0,
and a protection or scan that fails reports its remaining pages as written
and answers 0.
The driver's tracker keeps its contract and generations. On Linux its
block stamps live in 4 GiB leaves over the user address space, made on
first stamp, instead of the arena's flat arrays; the collect memo now works
on both platforms. GuestMemory::WriteWatched and Watched replace the arena
queries in UnitShadowEnabled and ShadowDestinationFor, so unit shadows run
on Linux over watched memory and stay off everywhere else. The Windows
arena path is unchanged apart from going through the same stamp helpers.
Host imports: a driver may lift the write protection of imported pages
itself. amdgpu validates the userptr BO behind a VK_EXT_external_memory_host
import with a writable HMM fault on every submission after the pages were
protected again, so PAGEMAP_SCAN reports them as written with no CPU store,
and a resident display image read as written at every present (found by
Pacuka on an RX 6650 XT with RADV: the presented image went black). NVIDIA
pins the pages once at the import and stays exact from then on. A probe at
device setup decides per device: it maps and watches scratch pages, collects
them clean, imports them, collects, submits a GPU copy that reads the import,
waits, and collects again. Pages written after the submission mean imports
resolve write protection: every import from then on takes its range off the
watch (GuestMemory::Unwatch) before it is made, so Watched is false for it,
CollectWrites answers 0 and callers compare bytes; GPU writes to watched
memory keep their MarkWritten stamps. The result is logged once:
"[write-watch] host imports resolve write protection: yes/no". A probe that
cannot run takes the unwatch side. APS5_WRITE_WATCH_IMPORTS=watch|unwatch
overrides the probe (default probe; anything else throws), and
APS5_NO_WRITE_WATCH=1 still turns the watch off. On the RTX 4090 the probe
reads 0 of 4 pages written after the GPU read (4 after the import itself),
so imports stay watched there.
The import itself lifts the protection once where imports stay watched:
on the RTX 4090 the pinning at vkAllocateMemory reports every imported page
as written (4 of 4 in the probe), with no CPU store. Such a report would
read as a CPU write over any GPU results pending in the range and drop
them. So every import of a watched range is made inside an import window
(GuestMemory::ImportWatched), under the tracker lock: the range is
collected right before the import, so earlier CPU writes are stamped as
usual, and again right after it, and what the window reports is stamped
"maybe written". Readers without pending results see it as a change
(UnchangedSince fails, ChangedBlocks reports it), so caches re-upload or
compare. Decisions about pending GPU results read it as untracked:
ChangedBlocks reports BlockMaybeWritten apart from BlockWritten, and the
drop rule, the write-back's keep blocks, the alias checks, the unit
shadow's stale drop and the whole-image stale checks (through the new
WrittenSince, which also answers false for a range off the watch) store
the results instead of dropping them. A real CPU store racing an import
also races the pending GPU writes to the same memory, which has no
defined order on hardware either, so the GPU results winning is
acceptable. From the second collect on the range is protected again and
watched normally. A range the watch does not cover whole, or a collect of
the window that fails, is taken off the watch instead.
An unwatched import stays off the watch for the rest of its mapping: a
remap registers the range afresh, the import kept over it takes it off
again at the next reconcile, and a re-import after an unmap follows the
decision. Unwatch invalidates the collect memo, so a collect memoized
before the import answers 0. A range that leaves the watch while a storage
image holds a generation for it no longer reads as CPU-written:
ChangedBlocks now tells whether the range is watched, and the drop rule,
the write-back's keep blocks and the alias borrow treat an unwatched range
as untracked (stored, never dropped), as a generation of 0 is.
Tests: guest_memory checks the watch through libkernel mappings (a CPU
store, a read, a kernel write through read(), another thread, a memcpy
across pages, an mprotect cycle, a partial munmap and a fixed remap) and
over a fresh 2 MiB-aligned mapping without page tables, checks direct
memory (watched, an alias takes the shared pages off the watch in both
mappings, a fixed direct remap over flexible memory is watched afresh), and
names the failing line and the reported pages. The recorder tests allocate watched
memory on both platforms, so the UnchangedSince, key proof, close race and
unit shadow tests run on Linux, and the storage refresh test gains a
watched variant: results kept on the GPU reach a CPU reader, and a plain
CPU store into one unit with newer results pending is found by the watch
alone. The recorder tests now also run the real import probe, check the
decision with the result injected (unwatch: an import leaves the watch, a
memoized collect, a partly imported range and the unimported neighbour
answer as they should, MarkWritten stamps only watched memory, a remap and
a re-import after an unmap follow the decision; watch: the import stays
watched and stamped), and check that results pending when their memory
leaves the watch are stored rather than dropped. A further test imports the
memory of a storage image with results pending in watch mode: the
results survive the import window and reach guest memory, a cache
generation taken before the import sees a change, the window reads as
maybe written and not as a CPU store, and a CPU store after it reads as
one again. Unit shadows and the
watched storage refresh report themselves as not run when imports are
compared.
As on FreeBSD, a munmap range covering more than one registered allocation (or gaps between them)
is unmapped allocation by allocation instead of throwing "unmap crosses allocation boundaries".
GTA V unmaps such ranges in its Story Mode prologue.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Only the lines this branch added lose their comments; the commits before
keep them, with the reasoning behind each change, for whoever digs into
that code later.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A title maps physical pages at a new address while the GPU still reads them
through the old one. Every view of such a page gets the same contents and
loses write access while the page is shared; the last view left gets its
protection back. A CPU write to a shared page faults, and views that differ
when one is unmapped (a GPU write through an import) throw, instead of the
views silently diverging.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libkernel:
- direct memory keeps its contents per physical page across unmap and
remap; a page mapped at two live addresses at once throws
- sceKernelDirectMemoryQuery answers from tracked allocations
- SCE protections read back as set, GPU and AMPR bits included
- APR prefix path resolve, file size and stat by id, positional reads,
fsync/pread/pwrite; directories open as descriptors on Windows
- sceKernelCheckReachability, getpeername, shutdown
- Dinkumware C11 threads (_Mtx_*, _Cnd_*, _Thrd_*) in the title libc
layout; any pthread stack size, rounded at thread creation
libc:
- unaddressed guest mappings go to the system-managed area from
0x2_0000_0000, leaving the application area to fixed mappings
- the process starts in /app0
- guest sscanf on Windows; a null %s prints as (null) as on FreeBSD
- localeconv, _FNan, _FDtest, _FExp, __udivti3, wcsncpy_s, aligned
operator new, _Throw_Cpp_error
Tests: direct memory following physical pages, guest formatting.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Renames template parameters to the TKey-style the conventions doc
requires (TValue, TFunction), removes the extern "C" close comment
(not one of the two allowed structural exceptions), and replaces
the magic error/flag numbers left after the previous comment
cleanup with the existing SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* constants and a named
RTLD_NOW constant so the code documents itself.
Comments in this codebase may only mark technical debt (per
docs/dev/CONVENTIONS.md), plus the #endif and namespace-close
structural exceptions. Removes the descriptive comments added on
this branch across PreciseWait.hpp, FormattingWide.cpp, the
direct-memory pool query/free-run plumbing, and the module loader
wiring, keeping the two allowed structural markers intact.
- DirectMemory: track each allocated block's type and extent in the
physical pool (DirectMemoryBlock), splitting the record on a partial
free, and expose DirectMemoryQueryBlock/DirectMemoryFreeRun. Wires
sceKernelDirectMemoryQuery to answer with the real allocated range
and type instead of a hardcoded one-page/type-3 guess, and
sceKernelAvailableDirectMemorySize to report the actual free run
instead of the whole remaining aperture. DirectMemory.cpp's mapping
path already tolerates MAP_FIXED overlap into a registered range and
already has honor-then-fallback address-hint handling and an
ignored-flags mask, so it is unchanged here.
- MemoryPoolExport: implement sceKernelMemoryPoolBatch/Commit/Decommit/
Expand/GetBlockStats/Reserve (previously all dead stubs) using the
existing DoMprotect/DirectMemoryAlloc/DoReserveVirtual primitives and
a small pool-state block counter.
- Module: wire sceKernelDlsym/sceKernelLoadStartModule/
sceKernelStopUnloadModule to the existing host-module loader
(dlopen_nid_postfix/dlsym_nid_postfix/dlclose_nid_postfix), replacing
dead stubs. sceKernelGetModuleInfoForUnwind/FromAddr are unrelated
and left as-is.
Bring in the resolved#25 branch, which already carries upstream main
including boykopovar/AnyPS5#10, and re-apply the KernelErrors.hpp
refactor onto the rewritten files:
- Equeue: drop the local EQUEUE_ERROR_* constants and use the shared
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* names.
- Pthread Attr/Thread: drop local error constants and include
KernelErrors.hpp.
- Pthread Cond/Mutex: take upstream; they no longer define local
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* constants.
- Semaphore: drop KERNEL_SEMA_ERROR_* in favour of KernelErrors.hpp.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
Resolve the conflict with boykopovar/AnyPS5#10 in Pthread/src/Mutex.cpp
by taking upstream: its rewrite already returns EDEADLK as 0x8002000B.
The equeue and direct memory error code fixes are unaffected.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
The host-region fallback added with the Demon's Souls work calls VirtualQuery and
includes windows.h unconditionally, so libkernel no longer compiles on Linux.
On Linux, read the containing mapping and its permissions from /proc/self/maps.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ButHENCbXXt8h4EZuWUabJ
Brings in main up to 9958d26 (homebrew runtime, POSIX wrappers in
libkernel, sce_module guest modules and --skip-sce-module, the --to-intel
general pipeline, libSceRandom, libSceRtc, libScePosixForWebKit,
libRenoirCore, test wiring).
Resolutions where both sides implemented the same thing:
- libkernel pthread: main's structure (lazy static initialisation,
destroyed markers, MutexOperations/CondOperations, mutex protocol and
condattr clock) with this branch's TimedWait deadlines and condition
(precise timed lock/wait on Windows), wait tracing, the adaptive mutex
type 4, POSIX default ERRORCHECK mutexes, EDEADLK/EPERM results instead
of throws, and condition clocks honoured for absolute timeouts.
- libc locale: the guest Dinkumware ABI (_Locimp, facet vtables, short
ctype/case tables, locale ids, stream storage) is kept because guest code
inlines those layouts; main's C character functions are kept on top.
- libc stdio/strings/math: main's stream functions (guest FILE status
sync), strerror/perror, remove, formatting, string and math exports win
over this branch's duplicates.
- libc paths: main's working directory with this branch's path aliases
resolved on the normalised guest path.
- libkernel file: this branch's sceKernel* results as SCE errors, main's
POSIX wrappers and both fstat helpers.
- relinker: this branch's stub lowering keeps its trampolines through the
main executable path; guest modules refuse lowerings that need stubs.
- AGC driver: main's rendering wait is executed by this branch's workers.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Kernel error codes were redeclared per file under three prefixes
(SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_, EQUEUE_ERROR_, KERNEL_SEMA_ERROR_), which let wrong
values go unnoticed. Define them once as 0x80020000 | errno for errno
1..94 and use the SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ names everywhere. Values are unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE kernel errors are 0x80020000 plus the FreeBSD errno. The equeue and
direct memory constants used an unrelated 0x8001xxxx range with mismatched
errno values (e.g. ETIMEDOUT was 0x80010023), so a guest checking
sceKernelWaitEqueue for SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ETIMEDOUT saw an unexpected error.
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EDEADLK in Mutex.cpp held the EAGAIN value.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE kernel errors are 0x80020000 plus the FreeBSD errno. The equeue and
direct memory constants used an unrelated 0x8001xxxx range with mismatched
errno values (e.g. ETIMEDOUT was 0x80010023), so a guest checking
sceKernelWaitEqueue for SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ETIMEDOUT saw an unexpected error.
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EDEADLK in Mutex.cpp held the EAGAIN value.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Guest mprotect calls on the executable's own segments failed with
"guest protection or unmap range is not registered" because only the
Windows build registered the main image. Register the PT_LOAD segments of
the main executable page by page, merging the protections of segments that
share a page.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Retail titles pass protections such as 0xC2 (CPU read/write plus the
0x40 and 0x80 device access bits). The device bits do not affect CPU
access and were rejected as unsupported.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE_KERNEL_PROT_CPU_RW (0x02) and CPU_EXEC (0x04) include read access,
but were translated to write-only and execute-only host pages. GPU read
and write bits also need host access because the emulated GPU reads and
writes guest memory from the CPU. Write-only mappings made the AGC driver
reject guest data segments as unreadable.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- libc: reserve guest memory in one arena below the PS5 map limit with
MEM_WRITE_WATCH (GuestArena) and a caching guest heap; the allocation
registry gains a generation counter, an invalidator callback for the
driver's page cache and a pin waiter for leased ranges. This replaces
the fault-based GuestMemoryTracking/GuestMemoryBacking layer, whose
files are removed.
- libkernel: mmap/mprotect/munmap on the arena, flexible memory budget,
real sceKernelVirtualQuery; POSIX pthread layer, rwlocks, timed locks,
TSD, event flags; 0.5 ms scheduler tick and high-resolution sleeps;
TSC/clock/time functions; file APIs return SCE errno codes; the APR
file-streaming API.
- libc: vectored crash reporter with backtraces for fatal exceptions,
SIGABRT, UCRT invalid parameters and process exit; SSE4a EXTRQ/INSERTQ
emulation for Intel hosts; %ls/%lc/%S/%C with the guest's 16-bit
wchar_t; hand-written setjmp/longjmp for the guest jmp_buf; a path
alias table for short save-data mount points; more string, stdio and
math exports.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Dean
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