Guest signal handlers are called from a host dispatcher, so no guest PC is
a signal trampoline: return 0 for every address, as KytyPS5 and prosper do.
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
Wait8 and Wait16 compare the 1- or 2-byte value at the address with the
comparand and share the waiter queue of the other sizes.
sceKernelSyncOnAddressWake accepts any non-null address: libc's
__std_atomic_notify_one/all pass the atomic's own address, which for 8- and
16-bit atomics need not be 4-byte aligned.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
On Linux every module resolves its references through one global scope,
and the guest modules are listed ahead of the host prx. When a title
bundles its own libc.prx, the host libc and the other host prx bound
their references to their own NIDs to the guest libc, so the host libc
built its standard streams on top of the guest _Stdout.
The exports of guest modules, and the guest and executable imports that
a guest module satisfies, now carry a #guest suffix. The title's imports
still reach the guest modules first, and a host prx only sees host
definitions, as on Windows. sceKernelDlsym also looks for the suffixed
name.
Run the SIGUSR1 handler recorded by sceKernelInstallExceptionHandler on the
target thread with a PS5 ucontext (uc_mcontext at 0x40, FreeBSD amd64
layout) of its interrupted state:
- on the calling thread, directly;
- on a thread in a libkernel wait, from an APC: the TimedWait waits are
alertable and count themselves in a per-thread wait state, so the
handler runs inside the wait, which then continues;
- on a running thread, by suspending it and redirecting it to an entry
that calls the handler and restores the possibly modified context.
Other signals return EINVAL, as in shadPS4; raising without a handler
throws. Linux still throws.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
scePthreadAttrGet reported a null stack address and a zero size for an
adopted thread (the main thread), and for every guest thread on Linux,
where the stack range was never recorded. A garbage collector that scans
thread stacks through scePthreadAttrGetstackaddr and
scePthreadAttrGetstacksize (Unity IL2CPP in PPSA12544) then skipped the
main thread's stack and freed objects it still referenced. The range now
comes from the host thread: GetCurrentThreadStackLimits on Windows,
pthread_getattr_np on Linux.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceKernelInstallExceptionHandler and sceKernelRemoveExceptionHandler threw.
They now keep one handler per allowed signal (SIGHUP, SIGILL, SIGFPE,
SIGBUS, SIGSEGV, SIGUSR1, as in shadPS4): another signal or a null handler
returns EINVAL, a second handler for a signal returns EAGAIN, and removing
clears it. Delivery is not implemented and is recorded in the technical
debt; sceKernelRaiseException still throws.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A PS5 param.json keeps defaultLanguage inside localizedParameters, next to
the language entries. The parser looked for it at the root only, then fell
back to en-US and to the first member, which is the defaultLanguage string
when no en-US entry exists (PPSA12544 has only en-GB), and threw
"expected JSON object". defaultLanguage is now read from
localizedParameters first, and the fallback takes the first language
object.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceAmprAmmCommandBufferMapAsPrt, AllocatePaForPrt, RemapIntoPrt and
UnmapToPrt, with the MapAsPrt and AllocatePaForPrt measures. Signatures,
checks and their order follow ampr_emu.
The executor keeps the PRT pages of the AMM ranges. Unbacked PRT pages
are zero-filled with GPU read access; AllocatePaForPrt backs each
unbacked page with a pool page and changes the type and protection of
backed ones; RemapIntoPrt moves a mapped range into a PRT range; and
UnmapToPrt returns the pages to the pool and zero-fills them again. A
plain map, unmap or remap over a PRT range ends it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libSceAmpr gains sceAmprAmmCommandBufferRemap, MultiMap, ModifyProtect
and ModifyMtypeProtect with their GPU mask forms and the eight measure
functions. Signatures and the protection and mask checks follow ampr_emu.
The executor keeps a page table of the AMM ranges: each page's physical
offset, protection, memory type and whether it came from the pool. A
remap moves the pages of a fully mapped range and leaves the old range
reserved; a multimap maps the same pages again; a pool page returns to
the pool only when its last mapping goes. A protection change applies
the masked bits page by page.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libSceAmpr gains the AMM command buffer (constructor, destructor, map,
map direct and unmap, with their GPU mask forms and measures),
sceAmprAmmGiveDirectMemory, sceAmprAmmGetVirtualAddressRanges, the three
submit forms and sceAmprAmmWaitCommandBufferCompletion. The APR
MapBegin, MapDirectBegin and MapEnd commands and their measures record
the same map commands.
The libkernel executor now maps: a plain map takes pages from the direct
memory given to the mapper with usage 1, a direct map uses the given
offset, and an unmap returns the pages to that pool and leaves the range
reserved. The AMM ranges are reserved in the guest arena on first use.
Commands are walked by the buffer's byte offset so an AMM submission can
run raw command memory.
Signatures, the protection mask and the APR map rules follow ampr_emu;
the mapper model follows PS5PCEM. While an APR map region is open, a
second begin and every completion write return EPERM.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceAmprAprCommandBufferReadFileGather, ReadFileScatter,
ReadFileGatherScatter and ResetGatherScatterState, with their measure
functions. Signatures, argument checks and the read cursor follow
ampr_emu: each read leaves the file, the next offset and the next
destination; a gather reads at a new offset into the next destination, a
scatter continues in the file into a new destination, and a
gather-scatter takes both. Recording one needs a file read since the last
reset, tracked in the command buffer object next to its type.
sceAmprAprCommandBufferReadFile now applies the same length, offset and
destination checks and rejects a null command buffer instead of
dereferencing it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceAmprCommandBufferWaitOnCounter_04_00 and WriteCounter_04_00 take the
counter access size and offset, the wait mask and the write operation,
with their measure functions; ConstructNop records a nop with an optional
leading word and a payload of up to 60 bytes, and ConstructMarker records
the set, push and pop markers by type. Signatures and checks follow
ampr_emu.
The executor now reads and writes counters by access: the 8-byte access
of counter n spans n and n + 1, the 2- and 1-byte accesses a half or a
byte of the counter. Waits compare at the access width, so the signed and
wrapped compares see the field's own sign bit, and the atomic writes wrap
within the field. The legacy counter commands record a 4-byte access.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The Linux branch of NativeError lacked five codes the Windows branch
already translates, so they fell through to EIO. bind on a bound socket
and accept on a socket that is not listening set errno to 5 on Linux
and to 22 on Windows.
Assisted-by: Claude Opus 5.5
The NID patcher rebuilds .dynstr keeping only the DT_NEEDED and
DT_SONAME strings, so DT_RUNPATH kept a stale offset and the patched
libraries shipped with an empty runpath. A library could then load only
those sibling prx that the executable already loads itself:
libSceVideoOut.prx needs libSceKeyboard.prx, which a title that does
not import libSceKeyboard never loads, so it fails at startup.
The patcher now keeps DT_RPATH and DT_RUNPATH strings, and the prx
libraries are linked with a $ORIGIN runpath instead of the build
directory, so they find each other wherever they are copied.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceKernelInstallExceptionHandler and sceKernelRemoveExceptionHandler threw.
They now keep one handler per allowed signal (SIGHUP, SIGILL, SIGFPE,
SIGBUS, SIGSEGV, SIGUSR1, as in shadPS4): another signal or a null handler
returns EINVAL, a second handler for a signal returns EAGAIN, and removing
clears it. Delivery is not implemented and is recorded in the technical
debt; sceKernelRaiseException still throws.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A title's libc.prx calls it from __cxa_thread_atexit with flags 2 and
stores the returned module id in the destructor record. The 0x1A8-byte
info reports the name, id, TLS block, init and fini procedures,
eh_frame_hdr and eh_frame, and up to four load segments of the image
containing the address. The id is the loader handle when the image was
opened through sceKernelLoadStartModule and otherwise a stable id from
the same range. Unknown flags and st_size values throw.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Release direct memory only when the whole range is allocated: a misaligned
start or length returns EINVAL, a zero length succeeds, and a range that
leaves direct memory or covers an unallocated page returns ENOENT without
releasing anything, as in shadPS4. The check and the release run under
the pool lock.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
dlopen and sceKernelLoadStartModule passed the guest path to the host
loader, which cannot load the original ELF module. When a relinked module
<path>.guest.prx exists beside it, that module is loaded instead; for a
module the executable already loaded at startup the host loader returns
the same module. PPSA12544 loads /app0/Media/Modules/Il2CppUserAssemblies.prx
at startup and resolves IL2CPP functions through it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
NH6xARDOVv8 is the NID of sceKernelGetOperationMode. PPSA12544 passes two
int outputs and logs them as mode and submode; both are reported as 0.
B2n8aDorSH4 and PZQhiiLXRFs are sceKernelSyncOnAddressWait32 and
sceKernelSyncOnAddressWait64, implemented by #633, and are no longer added
as unimplemented exports.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Implement scePthreadGetschedparam and scePthreadSetschedparam on top of
the thread priority, POSIX utimes and fsync on top of sceKernelUtimes
and sceKernelFsync, and sceUserServiceGetAccessibilityZoomFollowFocus
like the other accessibility queries. Add the remaining imports of
PPSA12544 as unimplemented exports and record unknown NIDs and
signatures in the technical debt.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Track the stack range of each running guest thread and answer
sceKernelIsStack from the calling thread's stack (the host limits for an
adopted thread) or from that registry. A mapped address outside every
stack succeeds with null bounds and an unmapped one returns EACCES; the
output pointers may be null.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A range reserved with sceKernelReserveVirtualRange is registered as not
readable, and sceKernelVirtualQuery only searched readable registrations,
so a query inside a reservation fell back to the host and returned EACCES.
Reserved ranges are now tracked until a direct or flexible mapping or an
unmap covers them, and a query inside one succeeds with the reserved piece
as its extent, protection 0 and is_committed clear. PPSA12544's allocator
queries a reservation before committing it and treated the error as a
failed commit, then wrote to the inaccessible range.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
On Windows each direct memory allocation is backed by a page-file
section that CreateFileMappingW commits in full. When the system commit
limit cannot cover it, the title stopped with "create direct memory
backing: Insufficient system resources exist to complete the requested
service", which did not say how much was requested.
The error now states the requested size in bytes and MiB, and the
runtime layout notes in USAGE.md describe the commit requirement and
the page file. Allocation behaviour is unchanged: committing at
allocation matches the console, where allocated direct memory is
always backed by physical memory.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libc's __std_atomic_wait_direct_32 and __std_atomic_wait_direct_64
import these functions, so a libc.prx that contains the C++20 atomic
wait wrappers does not load without them. Wait32 compares a 4-byte
value and Wait64 the full 8-byte value. Both share the waiter queue
of sceKernelSyncOnAddressWait, so sceKernelSyncOnAddressWake releases
waiters of every size on the address. A null address, or one not
aligned to the value size, throws. The by-value comparand, the return
values and the 8-byte alignment of Wait64 are assumed and recorded in
TechnicalDebt.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
ForgetDirectMemory erased the physical pages but left g_directMappings entries pointing at the dead backing, so sceKernelVirtualQuery kept reporting is_direct with a stale physical offset. Erase (and split, on the phys axis) the affected mapping tracking on release; mapped views are untouched, so no new faults are introduced.
clock_gettime and clock_getres served three FreeBSD clock ids with the wrong
clock or not at all:
- CLOCK_VIRTUAL (1) was the monotonic clock on Windows and threw on Linux; it
is the user CPU time of the process.
- CLOCK_PROF (2) threw on both hosts; it is the user plus system CPU time of
the process.
- CLOCK_SECOND (13) returned the coarse realtime clock with nanoseconds and a
sub-second resolution; it is the current second with tv_nsec 0 and a
resolution of one second.
Behaviour follows FreeBSD 11 clock_gettime(2) and kern_clock_gettime /
kern_clock_getres in sys/kern/kern_time.c.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
scePthreadKeyDelete frees a key slot and the next scePthreadKeyCreate
hands the same index out again, but every thread kept the value it had
stored under that index. The new key read the previous key's value
instead of NULL, and at thread exit its destructor was called on that
stale pointer.
Each slot now carries a sequence number, as in FreeBSD libthr. A thread
value is visible to scePthreadGetspecific and to the exit destructors
only while its sequence matches the slot's, so a new key starts as NULL
in every thread, as POSIX requires, and a deleted key reads NULL.
scePthreadGetspecific stays lock-free and scePthreadSetspecific no
longer takes the key lock.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Lock the guest pages of the range with VirtualLock or mlock, following FreeBSD mlock(2): the range is widened to guest pages, a zero length succeeds, a wrapping range is EINVAL and a range that is not mapped and accessible is ENOMEM. The Windows working set limits and the Linux RLIMIT_MEMLOCK soft limit are raised when the lock needs it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceAmprCommandBufferWaitOnAddress took (address, reference, mask,
compare) and WaitOnCounter (counter, reference, compare), and both read
the compare value as WAIT_REG_MEM (0 always, 1 <, 2 <=, 3 ==, ...).
ampr_emu, which replaces libSceAmpr for retail titles on the console,
has (address, reference, compare, flush) and (counter, reference,
compare, flush) with the SCE compare values (0 ==, 1 > unsigned,
2 < unsigned, 3 !=), so waits were decoded as other comparisons and
could block forever or pass early.
WriteAddressFromCounterPairOnCompletion takes one counter index, not
two, and WriteKernelEventQueueOnCompletion an int id and no user data.
Counter indices above 127, compare values above 3, flush values above 1
and misaligned wait addresses return EINVAL, as in ampr_emu.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
nanosleep and _nanosleep forwarded the result of sceKernelNanosleep, which
returned -1 for a rejected request: errno was never set, and the sce call
returned a value that is not an sce error. A request with negative seconds
was rejected as well, where FreeBSD's kern_nanosleep returns 0 without
sleeping.
nanosleep and _nanosleep now return -1 with errno set to EINVAL when tv_nsec
is outside [0, 1000000000) and to EFAULT for a null request;
sceKernelNanosleep returns the matching SCE_KERNEL_ERROR code. A request
with valid nanoseconds and negative seconds returns 0 at once.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceAmprCommandBufferPushMarker, PushMarkerWithColor, PopMarker, SetMarker
and SetMarkerWithColor record a marker command, and the matching
sceAmprMeasureCommandSize functions return its size. The APR executor
skips markers, as it does a nop.
Signatures follow the ampr_emu reimplementation of libSceAmpr.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The POSIX layer only exported init, destroy, rdlock, wrlock and unlock.
pthread_rwlock_tryrdlock, pthread_rwlock_trywrlock,
pthread_rwlock_timedrdlock and pthread_rwlock_timedwrlock now wrap the
existing scePthreadRwlock functions and accept the static initializer.
The timed variants take an absolute CLOCK_REALTIME deadline. Like
FreeBSD libthr they try the lock first and only validate abstime when
the lock is not free. A null abstime throws, as pthread_mutex_timedlock
does.
scePthreadRwlockTryrdlock and scePthreadRwlockTrywrlock return EBUSY
when the caller already holds the write lock instead of calling into
std::shared_timed_mutex, where that is undefined behaviour.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The PS5 libthr (FreeBSD) creates error-checking mutexes by default and has
PTHREAD_MUTEX_ADAPTIVE_NP (type 4); relocking an error-checking or adaptive
mutex returns EDEADLK. Default mutexes were Normal and type 4 was mapped to
Normal, so a relock threw instead of returning EDEADLK, which aborted an
Unreal Engine title's recursive directory scan.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
open, _open, stat, unlink and rmdir forwarded the result of their sceKernel
twin, so a failure returned 0x8002xxxx instead of -1 and errno was never set
to the guest error. They now return -1 with errno set to the code carried by
the sce error, and report a null pointer as EFAULT and an empty path as
ENOENT.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
scePthreadAttrGet wrote priority 700 and left the affinity of the
destination untouched, whatever the thread was created with or set to
afterwards. It now reports the values the thread holds, as
pthread_attr_get_np already does.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
pthread_barrier_init threw for any non-null attributes object, and no
function could create one. Add pthread_barrierattr_init, _destroy,
_getpshared and _setpshared after FreeBSD libthr, and let
pthread_barrier_init take the object.
PTHREAD_PROCESS_SHARED still throws in pthread_barrierattr_setpshared:
FreeBSD 9.0 rejects it and 11.0 accepts it.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceKernelSyncOnAddressWait parks the calling thread while the 32-bit word
at the address still holds the expected value, until
sceKernelSyncOnAddressWake releases it or the timeout expires.
sceKernelSyncOnAddressWake releases up to the requested number of threads
parked on the address, in arrival order.
The libc.prx bundled with SDK 9 titles imports both for its once
primitive, so those titles stopped at load with an unresolved import.
# Conflicts:
# docs/dev/TechnicalDebt.md
libkernel did not export sceKernelMapNamedFlexibleMemoryInternal, which
the libc bundled with SDK 9 titles imports. It now forwards to
sceKernelMapNamedFlexibleMemory: the mapping counts against the flexible
budget, gets the range name and is released by sceKernelMunmap. Older
libc builds call the public function at the same sites with the same
arguments and result handling.
The known callers pass flag 0x8000, whose meaning is unknown. It is
still rejected as an unsupported mapping flag and is recorded in
TechnicalDebt.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceKernelCancelSema was a throwing stub. It now releases every thread
blocked in sceKernelWaitSema with SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ECANCELED without
consuming tokens, sets the count to setCount (the initial count when
setCount is negative) and reports how many threads were waiting. A
setCount above the maximum returns SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EINVAL and changes
nothing.
Waiters are counted separately from waiterCount, which is only
decremented when a waiter leaves, so two cancels in a row do not report
the same thread twice.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID (14) and CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID (15) threw
"unsupported clock_id" on Windows while the Linux branch already maps
them to the native clocks. clock_gettime now returns the user + kernel
time from GetThreadTimes / GetProcessTimes, and clock_getres reports the
clock interrupt period from GetSystemTimeAdjustment, which is the step
those counters actually advance by.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Returns 1 when the address lies in an executable PT_LOAD segment of the
given dl_phdr_info, following FreeBSD lib/libc/gen/elf_utils.c (9.x and
11.x branches). The stub parameters become (dl_phdr_info*, void*) to
match the FreeBSD declaration; a null dl_phdr_info throws.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
sceKernelGetEventId, sceKernelGetEventFilter, sceKernelGetEventFflags,
sceKernelGetEventData and sceKernelGetEventUserData return the matching
field of the KernelEvent filled by sceKernelWaitEqueue and throw on a
null event. sceKernelGetEventError still throws NotImplemented.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Sign-in, web browser and player dialogs finish cancelled; the message dialog finishes at once;
NpAuth, entitlement consumption, reachability, account age and the NpUtility bandwidth test
report signed out; sceKernelMtypeprotect changes the protection (the memory type has no host
equivalent); the APR ForEach resolvers resolve every path and report each failure in its own
result entry. vswprintf's stub is dropped in favor of the existing wide-formatter
implementation, which already covers it on every platform.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A file read into guest memory is a host write: before the I/O it pins the shared pages it
covers, which reopens any page armed for write tracking and keeps write tracking from arming
it again until the read ends, when the pages count as written. A destination the guest cannot
write fails with EFAULT before any I/O; read and pread throw as for any failed read, AIO
reports SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EFAULT, and APR throws. APR also throws when a read ends before the
requested size.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Enhanced the network control library to check for host addresses and update connection states accordingly.
- Added support for socket operations including connect, listen, accept, send, and recv in the UDP and TCP socket implementations.
- Introduced error handling for various socket operations, ensuring proper feedback for unsupported actions.
- Created comprehensive tests for both TCP and UDP socket functionalities, validating the expected behavior of the network stack.
- Refactored existing code to improve clarity and maintainability, including the removal of unused functions and the addition of necessary error checks.
std::tmpfile() places the shared direct memory backing in /tmp, so a
title's direct memory counts against that filesystem's size (a tmpfs is
half of RAM by default): once /tmp fills, touching a backing page raises
SIGBUS. memfd_create gives the same shared memory pages without a
filesystem or its size limit.
Both ignored the flags and the requested address and reserved wherever the arena
had room, so a title that reserves a fixed range (Marvel's Wolverine passes
0x400010, MAP_FIXED | MAP_NO_COALESCE) and then uses the address it asked for
touched memory it never reserved. A fixed reservation now lands at the address,
after checking the range is free; other reservations are placed as before.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
feat: export the AMPR command buffer waits and writes, sceAgcFuseShaderHalves, sceAgcSetSubmitMode, sceNpSessionSignalingCreateContext and sceNetEpollAbort
GuestMemory::CollectWrites was built on the Windows arena's MEM_WRITE_WATCH
and answered 0 on Linux, so every cached copy of guest memory (textures,
resident render targets, buffers, DCC key proofs) read as changed at every
check: resident targets were stored and re-uploaded at every refresh and
unit shadows stayed off. Astro Bot's intro ran at ~3 fps.
libc gains GuestWriteWatch, the Linux counterpart of GetWriteWatch. Every
guest mapping libkernel makes (MapAligned: fixed, hinted and aligned) is
registered with one userfaultfd in asynchronous write-protect mode
(UFFD_FEATURE_WP_ASYNC: the kernel lifts a page's protection on its first
write without a handler thread, for user and kernel-mode writes alike), and
PAGEMAP_SCAN with PM_SCAN_WP_MATCHING reports the pages written since the
last scan of a range and protects them again in one call. Unmap forgets
the range. Direct memory is mapped from shared backings over its
reservation and a fixed remap replaces the mapping, so both register the
new mapping afresh. The watch is per mapping: a write through one mapping
of shared physical pages is not seen at another, so physical pages mapped
at more than one address leave the watch in every mapping of them.
A registered mapping reads as written until a collect covers it. The watch
keeps that itself instead of relying on how the kernel classifies pages
never faulted in: Linux 6.17 reports a range without page tables as not
written and leaves it unprotected, 7.2 reports it as written. The first
collect of a fresh range reports it written and write-protects it with
UFFDIO_WRITEPROTECT, which puts markers on its unpopulated pages
(UFFD_FEATURE_WP_UNPOPULATED), so from then on only real writes report.
Fallback: the userfaultfd is opened with UFFD_USER_MODE_ONLY where
vm.unprivileged_userfaultfd restricts it, and a probe at startup checks the
mechanism on scratch pages (a populated and an unpopulated page written
after protection report exactly, untouched ones do not). Without it (kernel
older than 6.7, no userfaultfd permission, headers without PAGEMAP_SCAN, or
APS5_NO_WRITE_WATCH=1) the watch reports unavailable and the tracker stays
unwatched exactly as before: CollectWrites answers 0 and callers compare
bytes. A range with a page outside the registered mappings also answers 0,
and a protection or scan that fails reports its remaining pages as written
and answers 0.
The driver's tracker keeps its contract and generations. On Linux its
block stamps live in 4 GiB leaves over the user address space, made on
first stamp, instead of the arena's flat arrays; the collect memo now works
on both platforms. GuestMemory::WriteWatched and Watched replace the arena
queries in UnitShadowEnabled and ShadowDestinationFor, so unit shadows run
on Linux over watched memory and stay off everywhere else. The Windows
arena path is unchanged apart from going through the same stamp helpers.
Host imports: a driver may lift the write protection of imported pages
itself. amdgpu validates the userptr BO behind a VK_EXT_external_memory_host
import with a writable HMM fault on every submission after the pages were
protected again, so PAGEMAP_SCAN reports them as written with no CPU store,
and a resident display image read as written at every present (found by
Pacuka on an RX 6650 XT with RADV: the presented image went black). NVIDIA
pins the pages once at the import and stays exact from then on. A probe at
device setup decides per device: it maps and watches scratch pages, collects
them clean, imports them, collects, submits a GPU copy that reads the import,
waits, and collects again. Pages written after the submission mean imports
resolve write protection: every import from then on takes its range off the
watch (GuestMemory::Unwatch) before it is made, so Watched is false for it,
CollectWrites answers 0 and callers compare bytes; GPU writes to watched
memory keep their MarkWritten stamps. The result is logged once:
"[write-watch] host imports resolve write protection: yes/no". A probe that
cannot run takes the unwatch side. APS5_WRITE_WATCH_IMPORTS=watch|unwatch
overrides the probe (default probe; anything else throws), and
APS5_NO_WRITE_WATCH=1 still turns the watch off. On the RTX 4090 the probe
reads 0 of 4 pages written after the GPU read (4 after the import itself),
so imports stay watched there.
The import itself lifts the protection once where imports stay watched:
on the RTX 4090 the pinning at vkAllocateMemory reports every imported page
as written (4 of 4 in the probe), with no CPU store. Such a report would
read as a CPU write over any GPU results pending in the range and drop
them. So every import of a watched range is made inside an import window
(GuestMemory::ImportWatched), under the tracker lock: the range is
collected right before the import, so earlier CPU writes are stamped as
usual, and again right after it, and what the window reports is stamped
"maybe written". Readers without pending results see it as a change
(UnchangedSince fails, ChangedBlocks reports it), so caches re-upload or
compare. Decisions about pending GPU results read it as untracked:
ChangedBlocks reports BlockMaybeWritten apart from BlockWritten, and the
drop rule, the write-back's keep blocks, the alias checks, the unit
shadow's stale drop and the whole-image stale checks (through the new
WrittenSince, which also answers false for a range off the watch) store
the results instead of dropping them. A real CPU store racing an import
also races the pending GPU writes to the same memory, which has no
defined order on hardware either, so the GPU results winning is
acceptable. From the second collect on the range is protected again and
watched normally. A range the watch does not cover whole, or a collect of
the window that fails, is taken off the watch instead.
An unwatched import stays off the watch for the rest of its mapping: a
remap registers the range afresh, the import kept over it takes it off
again at the next reconcile, and a re-import after an unmap follows the
decision. Unwatch invalidates the collect memo, so a collect memoized
before the import answers 0. A range that leaves the watch while a storage
image holds a generation for it no longer reads as CPU-written:
ChangedBlocks now tells whether the range is watched, and the drop rule,
the write-back's keep blocks and the alias borrow treat an unwatched range
as untracked (stored, never dropped), as a generation of 0 is.
Tests: guest_memory checks the watch through libkernel mappings (a CPU
store, a read, a kernel write through read(), another thread, a memcpy
across pages, an mprotect cycle, a partial munmap and a fixed remap) and
over a fresh 2 MiB-aligned mapping without page tables, checks direct
memory (watched, an alias takes the shared pages off the watch in both
mappings, a fixed direct remap over flexible memory is watched afresh), and
names the failing line and the reported pages. The recorder tests allocate watched
memory on both platforms, so the UnchangedSince, key proof, close race and
unit shadow tests run on Linux, and the storage refresh test gains a
watched variant: results kept on the GPU reach a CPU reader, and a plain
CPU store into one unit with newer results pending is found by the watch
alone. The recorder tests now also run the real import probe, check the
decision with the result injected (unwatch: an import leaves the watch, a
memoized collect, a partly imported range and the unimported neighbour
answer as they should, MarkWritten stamps only watched memory, a remap and
a re-import after an unmap follow the decision; watch: the import stays
watched and stamped), and check that results pending when their memory
leaves the watch are stored rather than dropped. A further test imports the
memory of a storage image with results pending in watch mode: the
results survive the import window and reach guest memory, a cache
generation taken before the import sees a change, the window reads as
maybe written and not as a CPU store, and a CPU store after it reads as
one again. Unit shadows and the
watched storage refresh report themselves as not run when imports are
compared.
As on FreeBSD, a munmap range covering more than one registered allocation (or gaps between them)
is unmapped allocation by allocation instead of throwing "unmap crosses allocation boundaries".
GTA V unmaps such ranges in its Story Mode prologue.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
The C11 thread layer (_Mtx_*, _Cnd_*, _Thrd_*, _Xtime_get_ticks, std::_Pad) and the libc additions
_FNan, _FDtest, _FExp, __udivti3, _Throw_Cpp_error, generic_category, localeconv, wcsncpy_s and the
aligned operator new came from the --skip-sce-module route, where our libc stood in for the title's.
With the title's sce_module loaded, its libc.prx exports every one of these NIDs and the relinker
lists the guest modules ahead of the host prx, so the imports never reach our copies. Checked both
by the NID tables (the executable imports them from libc, the guest libc.prx exports them) and by
making the four std::_Pad functions throw: the title boots, reaches the menu and loads story mode
without calling them.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Only the lines this branch added lose their comments; the commits before
keep them, with the reasoning behind each change, for whoever digs into
that code later.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A title libc from sce_module calls it from __cxa_throw/__cxa_rethrow when
no handler is found, right before std::terminate, with the thrown object,
0x400 (meaning unknown), the demangled type name and what() (or null).
The console keeps it for the core dump; there are no guest core dumps
here, so it is printed to stderr. It was the only import such a libc
needed beyond the existing libs.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
A title maps physical pages at a new address while the GPU still reads them
through the old one. Every view of such a page gets the same contents and
loses write access while the page is shared; the last view left gets its
protection back. A CPU write to a shared page faults, and views that differ
when one is unmapped (a GPU write through an import) throw, instead of the
views silently diverging.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libkernel:
- direct memory keeps its contents per physical page across unmap and
remap; a page mapped at two live addresses at once throws
- sceKernelDirectMemoryQuery answers from tracked allocations
- SCE protections read back as set, GPU and AMPR bits included
- APR prefix path resolve, file size and stat by id, positional reads,
fsync/pread/pwrite; directories open as descriptors on Windows
- sceKernelCheckReachability, getpeername, shutdown
- Dinkumware C11 threads (_Mtx_*, _Cnd_*, _Thrd_*) in the title libc
layout; any pthread stack size, rounded at thread creation
libc:
- unaddressed guest mappings go to the system-managed area from
0x2_0000_0000, leaving the application area to fixed mappings
- the process starts in /app0
- guest sscanf on Windows; a null %s prints as (null) as on FreeBSD
- localeconv, _FNan, _FDtest, _FExp, __udivti3, wcsncpy_s, aligned
operator new, _Throw_Cpp_error
Tests: direct memory following physical pages, guest formatting.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Renames template parameters to the TKey-style the conventions doc
requires (TValue, TFunction), removes the extern "C" close comment
(not one of the two allowed structural exceptions), and replaces
the magic error/flag numbers left after the previous comment
cleanup with the existing SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* constants and a named
RTLD_NOW constant so the code documents itself.
Comments in this codebase may only mark technical debt (per
docs/dev/CONVENTIONS.md), plus the #endif and namespace-close
structural exceptions. Removes the descriptive comments added on
this branch across PreciseWait.hpp, FormattingWide.cpp, the
direct-memory pool query/free-run plumbing, and the module loader
wiring, keeping the two allowed structural markers intact.
scePthreadMutexattrSetprotocol threw for SCE_PTHREAD_PRIO_INHERIT, so a
title creating its mutexes with priority inheritance stopped at the
first one.
Guest thread priorities are recorded (scePthreadSetprio/Getprio) but
never applied to host scheduling, so there is no priority for a waiter
to lend to the owner: an inheriting mutex locks, unlocks and reports
errors exactly like a PRIO_NONE one here, and the protocol is accepted.
The POSIX pthread_mutexattr_setprotocol wrapper already accepts it.
Priority protection (PRIO_PROTECT, with its ceilings) and unknown
protocols still throw.
- DirectMemory: track each allocated block's type and extent in the
physical pool (DirectMemoryBlock), splitting the record on a partial
free, and expose DirectMemoryQueryBlock/DirectMemoryFreeRun. Wires
sceKernelDirectMemoryQuery to answer with the real allocated range
and type instead of a hardcoded one-page/type-3 guess, and
sceKernelAvailableDirectMemorySize to report the actual free run
instead of the whole remaining aperture. DirectMemory.cpp's mapping
path already tolerates MAP_FIXED overlap into a registered range and
already has honor-then-fallback address-hint handling and an
ignored-flags mask, so it is unchanged here.
- MemoryPoolExport: implement sceKernelMemoryPoolBatch/Commit/Decommit/
Expand/GetBlockStats/Reserve (previously all dead stubs) using the
existing DoMprotect/DirectMemoryAlloc/DoReserveVirtual primitives and
a small pool-state block counter.
- Module: wire sceKernelDlsym/sceKernelLoadStartModule/
sceKernelStopUnloadModule to the existing host-module loader
(dlopen_nid_postfix/dlsym_nid_postfix/dlclose_nid_postfix), replacing
dead stubs. sceKernelGetModuleInfoForUnwind/FromAddr are unrelated
and left as-is.
On Linux scePthreadExit called pthread_exit, whose forced unwind runs
the personality routine of every guest frame. Those resolve to
libc.prx's __gxx_personality_v0, which cannot read libgcc's unwind
context and aborts, so guest_thread_self crashed on Linux.
Record a jump target in the thread start routine and longjmp back to it
from scePthreadExit instead. Like _endthreadex on Windows, this skips
the guest frames without unwinding them; the start routine still
releases the thread normally. Threads not created by scePthreadCreate
keep the pthread_exit fallback.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
Bring in the resolved#25 branch, which already carries upstream main
including boykopovar/AnyPS5#10, and re-apply the KernelErrors.hpp
refactor onto the rewritten files:
- Equeue: drop the local EQUEUE_ERROR_* constants and use the shared
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* names.
- Pthread Attr/Thread: drop local error constants and include
KernelErrors.hpp.
- Pthread Cond/Mutex: take upstream; they no longer define local
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_* constants.
- Semaphore: drop KERNEL_SEMA_ERROR_* in favour of KernelErrors.hpp.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
Resolve the conflict with boykopovar/AnyPS5#10 in Pthread/src/Mutex.cpp
by taking upstream: its rewrite already returns EDEADLK as 0x8002000B.
The equeue and direct memory error code fixes are unaffected.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
Resolve conflicts with boykopovar/AnyPS5#10 (sce module loading) and
later upstream changes.
- Pthread Cond/Mutex: take upstream. It already releases mutex
ownership across condition waits, returns ETIMEDOUT 0x8002003C, and
rejects unlocks from non-owners for every mutex type.
- Pthread Thread: keep upstream's lifecycle, Windows adoption and job
affinity; re-apply the POSIX fixes on top: reference-counted
release on join/detach/exit, self-join rejection on both platforms,
and scePthreadSelf adoption for threads not created by
scePthreadCreate.
- Semaphore: keep upstream's TimedWait::Condition and wait tracing;
re-apply sceKernelDeleteSema waking waiters with EACCES.
- Relinker: keep --windows-gui alongside upstream's --skip-sce-module,
trampoline-aware Patch signature and new Python tests.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_018emyZ4Rk8yoSJvxTFBe4DL
feat(libkernel): pread, pwrite, getdents and getdirentries on linux
- **pread/pwrite:** use the existing `NativePread`/`NativePwrite` and don't move the file offset. A null buffer with a non-zero size returns `EFAULT`, a negative offset `EINVAL`, and host failures go through `SceErrorFromErrno`.
- **getdirentries:**
- reads host `getdents64` records and converts them to the FreeBSD `struct dirent` layout the guest expects (`d_fileno` u32, `d_reclen` u16, `d_type` u8, `d_namlen` u8, NUL-terminated name, record padded to 4 bytes);
- `*basep` gets the directory position from before the read;
- when a record doesn't fit in the guest buffer, the descriptor is moved with `lseek` back to that entry's cookie, so the next call resumes there;
- if not even the first record fits, the call returns `EINVAL` without consuming anything, and a name longer than 255 bytes returns `ENAMETOOLONG`.
- **getdents** is `getdirentries` without `basep`.
- Adds the guest `EFAULT`, `EINVAL` and `ENAMETOOLONG` constants.
The host-region fallback added with the Demon's Souls work calls VirtualQuery and
includes windows.h unconditionally, so libkernel no longer compiles on Linux.
On Linux, read the containing mapping and its permissions from /proc/self/maps.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01ButHENCbXXt8h4EZuWUabJ
Every lock, unlock, signal and wait took the process-wide initialisation
mutex to read the handle, serialising all guest synchronisation. The
handle is now read atomically and the lock is only taken to initialise a
static initializer or to report a destroyed object.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
The merge brought a NotImplemented scePthreadOnce_nid_postfix next to the
existing scePthreadOnce. The NID patcher gives the NID to the postfixed
symbol, so the stub replaced the working export and the title aborted at
its first once-initialisation.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Brings in main up to 9958d26 (homebrew runtime, POSIX wrappers in
libkernel, sce_module guest modules and --skip-sce-module, the --to-intel
general pipeline, libSceRandom, libSceRtc, libScePosixForWebKit,
libRenoirCore, test wiring).
Resolutions where both sides implemented the same thing:
- libkernel pthread: main's structure (lazy static initialisation,
destroyed markers, MutexOperations/CondOperations, mutex protocol and
condattr clock) with this branch's TimedWait deadlines and condition
(precise timed lock/wait on Windows), wait tracing, the adaptive mutex
type 4, POSIX default ERRORCHECK mutexes, EDEADLK/EPERM results instead
of throws, and condition clocks honoured for absolute timeouts.
- libc locale: the guest Dinkumware ABI (_Locimp, facet vtables, short
ctype/case tables, locale ids, stream storage) is kept because guest code
inlines those layouts; main's C character functions are kept on top.
- libc stdio/strings/math: main's stream functions (guest FILE status
sync), strerror/perror, remove, formatting, string and math exports win
over this branch's duplicates.
- libc paths: main's working directory with this branch's path aliases
resolved on the normalised guest path.
- libkernel file: this branch's sceKernel* results as SCE errors, main's
POSIX wrappers and both fstat helpers.
- relinker: this branch's stub lowering keeps its trampolines through the
main executable path; guest modules refuse lowerings that need stubs.
- AGC driver: main's rendering wait is executed by this branch's workers.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Kernel error codes were redeclared per file under three prefixes
(SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_, EQUEUE_ERROR_, KERNEL_SEMA_ERROR_), which let wrong
values go unnoticed. Define them once as 0x80020000 | errno for errno
1..94 and use the SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ names everywhere. Values are unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE kernel errors are 0x80020000 plus the FreeBSD errno. The equeue and
direct memory constants used an unrelated 0x8001xxxx range with mismatched
errno values (e.g. ETIMEDOUT was 0x80010023), so a guest checking
sceKernelWaitEqueue for SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ETIMEDOUT saw an unexpected error.
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EDEADLK in Mutex.cpp held the EAGAIN value.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE kernel errors are 0x80020000 plus the FreeBSD errno. The equeue and
direct memory constants used an unrelated 0x8001xxxx range with mismatched
errno values (e.g. ETIMEDOUT was 0x80010023), so a guest checking
sceKernelWaitEqueue for SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ETIMEDOUT saw an unexpected error.
SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EDEADLK in Mutex.cpp held the EAGAIN value.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- scePthreadSelf returned null on Linux and for threads not created by
scePthreadCreate (including the main thread); such threads now get a
lazily adopted, non-joinable handle
- scePthreadExit on Linux skipped FinishThread, losing the join value
- detached threads on Linux were never freed; use the reference count
already used on Windows
- unlocking a recursive mutex from a non-owner was undefined behaviour;
return SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_EPERM
- scePthreadCondTimedwait did not restore the mutex owner after waking,
so another thread locking during the wait made the waiter's unlock
fail with EPERM and left the mutex locked forever
- SCE_KERNEL_ERROR_ETIMEDOUT in Cond.cpp was 0x80020062 instead of 0x8002003C
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
libkernel: a TimedWait service for condition variables, semaphores, event flags, rwlocks and
equeues with the scheduler tick; mutex/cond/sem corner cases the title hits; job worker
affinity is opt-in (APS5_JOB_AFFINITY). libc: calloc/realloc heap slot swap, a default
terminate handler with a backtrace, CPU topology helper. libSceRtc export fixes with tests.
libSceVideoOut: APS5_NO_PAD_INPUT ignores host input for unattended measurements,
APS5_FLIP_QUEUE_WAIT keeps a stalled process alive for a debugger. ApplicationHeap and
GuestRtc tests wired into the test build.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Guest mprotect calls on the executable's own segments failed with
"guest protection or unmap range is not registered" because only the
Windows build registered the main image. Register the PT_LOAD segments of
the main executable page by page, merging the protections of segments that
share a page.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Retail titles pass protections such as 0xC2 (CPU read/write plus the
0x40 and 0x80 device access bits). The device bits do not affect CPU
access and were rejected as unsupported.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
SCE_KERNEL_PROT_CPU_RW (0x02) and CPU_EXEC (0x04) include read access,
but were translated to write-only and execute-only host pages. GPU read
and write bits also need host access because the emulated GPU reads and
writes guest memory from the CPU. Write-only mappings made the AGC driver
reject guest data segments as unreadable.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
- libc: reserve guest memory in one arena below the PS5 map limit with
MEM_WRITE_WATCH (GuestArena) and a caching guest heap; the allocation
registry gains a generation counter, an invalidator callback for the
driver's page cache and a pin waiter for leased ranges. This replaces
the fault-based GuestMemoryTracking/GuestMemoryBacking layer, whose
files are removed.
- libkernel: mmap/mprotect/munmap on the arena, flexible memory budget,
real sceKernelVirtualQuery; POSIX pthread layer, rwlocks, timed locks,
TSD, event flags; 0.5 ms scheduler tick and high-resolution sleeps;
TSC/clock/time functions; file APIs return SCE errno codes; the APR
file-streaming API.
- libc: vectored crash reporter with backtraces for fatal exceptions,
SIGABRT, UCRT invalid parameters and process exit; SSE4a EXTRQ/INSERTQ
emulation for Intel hosts; %ls/%lc/%S/%C with the guest's 16-bit
wchar_t; hand-written setjmp/longjmp for the guest jmp_buf; a path
alias table for short save-data mount points; more string, stdio and
math exports.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Fable 5.1 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_0177gthrWEBBfBu5xJDXgBfo
Dean
Nahuel Genchi
Adrià Franch
raghav314
Merijn
Chad
Jakub Krasuski
alfalfa-star
Celegans12
Pouare514
Tomás Ortellado
DotDebian
Pouare514
Pacuka
Alexey
RomainROCH
SP4C3B4R-8
Michon
SamG-Coder
Praetorian0420
Dean Galvin
asimplestray
STL1te
STL1te
OverkillLabs
Claude
devilismyfriend
QDarkRex