diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/header.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/header.rs
index d2ec5f8a..214d2712 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/header.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/header.rs
@@ -62,6 +62,14 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
         if resp.clicked() {
             app.ui.tool = cur;
         }
+        // Ctrl+double-click Pan Behind: Center Anchor Point in Layer Content.
+        if cur == Tool::PanBehind
+            && resp.double_clicked()
+            && ui.input(|i| i.modifiers.command)
+            && let Err(e) = crate::menus::invoke(app, ui.ctx(), "layer.centerAnchor", json!({}))
+        {
+            app.ui.status = e;
+        }
         if slot.len() > 1 {
             resp.context_menu(|ui| {
                 for tool in slot.iter() {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
index c366dae2..83174218 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/viewer.rs
@@ -95,6 +95,8 @@ enum Gesture {
         l2p: Mat3,
         /// The layer's own snap targets as the drag began (its box and path vertices).
         own: Vec<effectcraft_engine::viewer::SnapTarget>,
+        /// Alt held as the drag began: the anchor point moves alone, so the layer shifts.
+        anchor_only: bool,
     },
     Pan {
         start_pan: [f32; 2],
@@ -276,6 +278,17 @@ fn drag_scale(start_scale: [f64; 3], start: [f64; 2], cur: [f64; 2], axes: [bool
     [start_scale[0] * fx, start_scale[1] * fy, start_scale[2]]
 }
 
+/// A drag `d` (comp pixels), kept to the axis it moves along most when `shift` is held.
+fn one_axis(d: [f64; 2], shift: bool) -> [f64; 2] {
+    if !shift {
+        d
+    } else if d[0].abs() > d[1].abs() {
+        [d[0], 0.0]
+    } else {
+        [0.0, d[1]]
+    }
+}
+
 fn point_in_quad(p: [f64; 2], q: &[[f64; 2]; 4]) -> bool {
     let mut sign = 0.0;
     for i in 0..4 {
@@ -1060,6 +1073,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
                     inv: l2c.inverse().unwrap_or(Mat3::IDENTITY),
                     l2p,
                     own: effectcraft_engine::viewer::layer_targets(&ectx, layer, false),
+                    anchor_only: mods.alt,
                 })
             }),
             t if t.is_shape() => Some(Gesture::Create { tool: t, start: cpt }),
@@ -1201,10 +1215,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
                 }
             }
             Gesture::Move { layers, start, snap_src } => {
-                let mut d = [cpt[0] - start[0], cpt[1] - start[1]];
-                if mods.shift {
-                    if d[0].abs() > d[1].abs() { d[1] = 0.0 } else { d[0] = 0.0 }
-                }
+                let mut d = one_axis([cpt[0] - start[0], cpt[1] - start[1]], mods.shift);
                 if let Some(src) = snap_src {
                     let ids: Vec<LayerId> = layers.iter().map(|x| x.0).collect();
                     let c = vt::snap(app, &ctx, &ectx, &map, &ids, &[[src[0] + d[0], src[1] + d[1]]], mods);
@@ -1228,21 +1239,24 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut EffectcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui, rect: Rect) {
                 }
                 let _ = app.session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": layer.0, "path": "transform/rotation", "value": r, "merge": merge}));
             }
-            Gesture::Anchor { layer, start_anchor, start_pos, start, inv, l2p, own } => {
+            Gesture::Anchor { layer, start_anchor, start_pos, start, inv, l2p, own, anchor_only } => {
                 // Pan Behind snaps the anchor point (to its own layer's box, other layers' features,
-                // guides and the grid).
+                // guides and the grid); Shift keeps the move to one axis.
+                let d = one_axis([cpt[0] - start[0], cpt[1] - start[1]], mods.shift);
                 let anchor_c = inv.inverse().map(|m| m.apply(gv2(start_anchor[0], start_anchor[1]))).unwrap_or(gv2(start[0], start[1]));
-                let want = [anchor_c.x + cpt[0] - start[0], anchor_c.y + cpt[1] - start[1]];
+                let want = [anchor_c.x + d[0], anchor_c.y + d[1]];
                 let sc = vt::snap_with(app, &ctx, &ectx, &map, &[layer], &[want], mods, &own);
-                let cpt = [cpt[0] + sc[0], cpt[1] + sc[1]];
                 let a = inv.apply(gv2(start[0], start[1]));
-                let b = inv.apply(gv2(cpt[0], cpt[1]));
+                let b = inv.apply(gv2(start[0] + d[0] + sc[0], start[1] + d[1] + sc[1]));
                 let dl = gv2(b.x - a.x, b.y - a.y);
                 let na = [start_anchor[0] + dl.x, start_anchor[1] + dl.y, start_anchor[2]];
-                let dp = l2p.apply_vec(dl);
-                let np = [start_pos[0] + dp.x, start_pos[1] + dp.y, start_pos[2]];
                 let _ = app.session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": layer.0, "path": "transform/anchor", "value": na, "merge": merge}));
-                let _ = app.session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": layer.0, "path": "transform/position", "value": np, "merge": merge}));
+                // Position follows so the layer stays put, unless Alt moves the anchor point alone.
+                if !anchor_only {
+                    let dp = l2p.apply_vec(dl);
+                    let np = [start_pos[0] + dp.x, start_pos[1] + dp.y, start_pos[2]];
+                    let _ = app.session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": layer.0, "path": "transform/position", "value": np, "merge": merge}));
+                }
             }
             Gesture::Camera { tool } => {
                 let d = resp.drag_delta();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/tests/ui_viewer.rs b/crates/ui-egui/tests/ui_viewer.rs
index dfa91955..bb610223 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/tests/ui_viewer.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/tests/ui_viewer.rs
@@ -472,6 +472,48 @@ fn pan_behind_snaps_the_anchor_to_its_own_layer() {
     assert!((p[0] - 100.0).abs() < 0.01 && (p[1] - 100.0).abs() < 0.01, "{p:?}");
 }
 
+/// Issue #162: with Pan Behind, Alt-drag moves the anchor point alone (the layer shifts, its
+/// position stays), Shift keeps the move to one axis, and Ctrl+double-clicking the tool's button
+/// centres the anchor point in the layer content.
+#[test]
+fn pan_behind_alt_moves_the_anchor_alone_shift_constrains_and_the_tool_button_centres_it() {
+    let mut h = harness();
+    let box_id = h.state().session.active_comp().unwrap().layers[0].id;
+    h.state_mut().session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": box_id.0, "path": "transform/position", "value": [100, 100, 0]})).unwrap();
+    h.state_mut().session.execute("layer.select", json!({"layers": [box_id.0]})).unwrap();
+    h.state_mut().session.execute("view.snapping", json!({"value": false})).unwrap();
+    h.state_mut().ui.tool = Tool::PanBehind;
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    let close = |a: [f64; 3], b: [f64; 2]| (a[0] - b[0]).abs() < 0.01 && (a[1] - b[1]).abs() < 0.01;
+    // Alt: the anchor point moves by the drag, Position stays.
+    let (from, to) = (screen(&h, [100.0, 100.0]), screen(&h, [120.0, 105.0]));
+    hold_drag(&mut h, from, to, egui::Modifiers::ALT);
+    let (p, a) = position_and_anchor(&h, box_id);
+    assert!(close(a, [60.0, 45.0]) && close(p, [100.0, 100.0]), "Alt moves the anchor point alone: {a:?} {p:?}");
+    // Shift: the move keeps to the axis dragged along most (Position compensates).
+    h.state_mut().session.execute("prop.set", json!({"layer": box_id.0, "path": "transform/anchor", "value": [40, 40, 0]})).unwrap();
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    let (from, to) = (screen(&h, [100.0, 100.0]), screen(&h, [130.0, 110.0]));
+    hold_drag(&mut h, from, to, egui::Modifiers::SHIFT);
+    let (p, a) = position_and_anchor(&h, box_id);
+    assert!(close(a, [70.0, 40.0]) && close(p, [130.0, 100.0]), "Shift keeps to x: {a:?} {p:?}");
+    // Ctrl+double-click the tool's button: Center Anchor Point in Layer Content (the layer stays).
+    let ctrl = egui::Modifiers { ctrl: true, command: true, ..Default::default() };
+    let b = rect(&h, "tools.PanBehind").center();
+    h.input_mut().events.push(Event::ModifiersChanged(ctrl));
+    h.input_mut().events.push(Event::PointerMoved(b));
+    h.step();
+    for _ in 0..2 {
+        h.input_mut().events.push(Event::PointerButton { pos: b, button: egui::PointerButton::Primary, pressed: true, modifiers: ctrl });
+        h.input_mut().events.push(Event::PointerButton { pos: b, button: egui::PointerButton::Primary, pressed: false, modifiers: ctrl });
+    }
+    h.run_steps(2);
+    h.input_mut().events.push(Event::ModifiersChanged(Default::default()));
+    h.step();
+    let (p, a) = position_and_anchor(&h, box_id);
+    assert!(close(a, [40.0, 40.0]) && close(p, [100.0, 100.0]), "anchor point centred: {a:?} {p:?}");
+}
+
 /// Drag from `from` to `to` with `modifiers` held, holding the end point a frame (the viewer's
 /// gestures apply the pointer of the previous frame).
 fn hold_drag(h: &mut Harness<'_, EffectcraftApp>, from: Pos2, to: Pos2, modifiers: egui::Modifiers) {