LR-META-EXIF-FULL: tags.rs back to LF line endings (#831 mixed in CRLF)
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01BKWB9TCnvzJHV6xMLAj2J4
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Claude
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//! Every EXIF / TIFF / GPS tag of a file as readable `(group, name, value)` rows (the Info
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//! panel's "All Metadata"). Names follow the public TIFF 6.0 / EXIF 2.3 / DNG specifications;
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//! common enumerations are spelled out, everything else is shown as stored. Maker notes and
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//! binary blobs are summarised by size.
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use lightcraft_tiff::{Ifd, Tiff, Value};
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/// One metadata row.
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#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
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pub struct TagRow {
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/// `TIFF`, `EXIF`, `GPS`, `Interop`.
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pub group: &'static str,
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pub tag: u16,
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pub name: String,
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pub value: String,
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}
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const NAMES: &[(u16, &str)] = &[
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// TIFF / IFD0
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(0x00fe, "Subfile Type"),
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(0x0100, "Image Width"),
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(0x0101, "Image Height"),
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(0x0102, "Bits Per Sample"),
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(0x0103, "Compression"),
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(0x0106, "Photometric Interpretation"),
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(0x010e, "Image Description"),
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(0x010f, "Make"),
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(0x0110, "Model"),
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(0x0112, "Orientation"),
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(0x0115, "Samples Per Pixel"),
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(0x0116, "Rows Per Strip"),
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(0x0214, "Reference Black/White"),
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(0x9216, "TIFF/EP Standard ID"),
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(0x828d, "CFA Repeat Pattern Dim"),
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(0x828e, "CFA Pattern"),
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(0xa302, "CFA Pattern"),
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(0x9217, "Sensing Method"),
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(0xc4a5, "Print Image Matching"),
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(0xa500, "Gamma"),
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(0x011a, "X Resolution"),
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(0x011b, "Y Resolution"),
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(0x011c, "Planar Configuration"),
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(0x0128, "Resolution Unit"),
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(0x0131, "Software"),
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(0x0132, "Date/Time Modified"),
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(0x013b, "Artist"),
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(0x013e, "White Point"),
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(0x013f, "Primary Chromaticities"),
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(0x0213, "YCbCr Positioning"),
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(0x8298, "Copyright"),
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(0xc612, "DNG Version"),
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(0xc614, "Unique Camera Model"),
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(0xc62f, "Camera Serial Number"),
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// EXIF
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(0x829a, "Exposure Time"),
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(0x829d, "F-Number"),
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(0x8822, "Exposure Program"),
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(0x8824, "Spectral Sensitivity"),
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(0x8827, "ISO Speed"),
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(0x8830, "Sensitivity Type"),
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(0x8832, "Recommended Exposure Index"),
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(0x9000, "Exif Version"),
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(0x9003, "Date/Time Original"),
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(0x9004, "Date/Time Digitized"),
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(0x9010, "Offset Time"),
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(0x9011, "Offset Time Original"),
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(0x9012, "Offset Time Digitized"),
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(0x9101, "Components Configuration"),
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(0x9102, "Compressed Bits Per Pixel"),
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(0x9201, "Shutter Speed Value"),
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(0x9202, "Aperture Value"),
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(0x9203, "Brightness Value"),
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(0x9204, "Exposure Compensation"),
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(0x9205, "Max Aperture Value"),
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(0x9206, "Subject Distance"),
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(0x9207, "Metering Mode"),
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(0x9208, "Light Source"),
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(0x9209, "Flash"),
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(0x920a, "Focal Length"),
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(0x9214, "Subject Area"),
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(0x927c, "Maker Note"),
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(0x9286, "User Comment"),
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(0x9290, "Sub-second Time"),
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(0x9291, "Sub-second Time Original"),
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(0x9292, "Sub-second Time Digitized"),
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(0xa000, "FlashPix Version"),
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(0xa001, "Color Space"),
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(0xa002, "Pixel X Dimension"),
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(0xa003, "Pixel Y Dimension"),
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(0xa20e, "Focal Plane X Resolution"),
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(0xa20f, "Focal Plane Y Resolution"),
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(0xa210, "Focal Plane Resolution Unit"),
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(0xa215, "Exposure Index"),
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(0xa217, "Sensing Method"),
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(0xa300, "File Source"),
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(0xa301, "Scene Type"),
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(0xa401, "Custom Rendered"),
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(0xa402, "Exposure Mode"),
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(0xa403, "White Balance"),
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(0xa404, "Digital Zoom Ratio"),
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(0xa405, "Focal Length in 35mm Film"),
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(0xa406, "Scene Capture Type"),
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(0xa407, "Gain Control"),
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(0xa408, "Contrast"),
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(0xa409, "Saturation"),
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(0xa40a, "Sharpness"),
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(0xa40c, "Subject Distance Range"),
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(0xa420, "Image Unique ID"),
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(0xa430, "Camera Owner Name"),
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(0xa431, "Body Serial Number"),
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(0xa432, "Lens Specification"),
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(0xa433, "Lens Make"),
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(0xa434, "Lens Model"),
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(0xa435, "Lens Serial Number"),
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// GPS
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(0x0000, "GPS Version"),
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(0x0001, "GPS Latitude Ref"),
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(0x0002, "GPS Latitude"),
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(0x0003, "GPS Longitude Ref"),
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(0x0004, "GPS Longitude"),
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(0x0005, "GPS Altitude Ref"),
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(0x0006, "GPS Altitude"),
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(0x0007, "GPS Time Stamp"),
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(0x000c, "GPS Speed Ref"),
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(0x000d, "GPS Speed"),
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(0x0010, "GPS Img Direction Ref"),
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(0x0011, "GPS Img Direction"),
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(0x0012, "GPS Map Datum"),
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(0x001d, "GPS Date Stamp"),
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];
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/// GPS tags reuse low numbers, so they are looked up separately.
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fn name(group: &str, tag: u16) -> String {
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let gps = group == "GPS";
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NAMES
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.iter()
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.find(|(t, n)| *t == tag && (n.starts_with("GPS") == gps || (gps && tag > 0x1f)))
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.map(|(_, n)| n.to_string())
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.unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Tag 0x{tag:04X}"))
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}
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fn rational(n: f64, d: f64) -> String {
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if d == 0.0 {
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return "—".into();
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}
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let v = n / d;
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if (v - v.round()).abs() < 1e-9 { format!("{}", v.round()) } else { format!("{:.4}", v).trim_end_matches('0').to_string() }
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}
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fn list<T: ToString>(v: &[T]) -> String {
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let shown: Vec<String> = v.iter().take(16).map(|x| x.to_string()).collect();
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if v.len() > 16 { format!("{} … ({} values)", shown.join(", "), v.len()) } else { shown.join(", ") }
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}
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/// Spelled-out enumerations for the commonest tags.
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fn enumerated(group: &str, tag: u16, v: i64) -> Option<&'static str> {
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if group == "GPS" {
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return None;
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}
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Some(match (tag, v) {
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(0x0112, 1) => "Horizontal (normal)",
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(0x0112, 3) => "Rotated 180°",
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(0x0112, 6) => "Rotated 90° CW",
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(0x0112, 8) => "Rotated 90° CCW",
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(0x0112, 2) => "Mirrored horizontally",
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(0x0112, 4) => "Mirrored vertically",
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(0x0103, 1) => "Uncompressed",
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(0x0103, 6) => "JPEG (old-style)",
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(0x0103, 7) => "JPEG",
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(0x0103, 8) => "Deflate",
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(0x0103, 32773) => "PackBits",
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(0x0103, 34892) => "Lossy JPEG",
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(0x0103, 34713) => "Nikon NEF Compressed",
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(0x0103, 32767) => "Sony ARW Compressed",
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(0x0103, 52546) => "JPEG XL",
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(0x0106, 0) => "WhiteIsZero",
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(0x0106, 1) => "BlackIsZero",
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(0x0106, 2) => "RGB",
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(0x0106, 6) => "YCbCr",
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(0x0106, 32803) => "Color Filter Array",
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(0x0106, 34892) => "Linear Raw",
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(0x011c, 1) => "Chunky",
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(0x011c, 2) => "Planar",
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(0x0128, 2) => "inches",
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(0x0128, 3) => "centimetres",
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(0x8822, 1) => "Manual",
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(0x8822, 2) => "Program",
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(0x8822, 3) => "Aperture priority",
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(0x8822, 4) => "Shutter priority",
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(0x9207, 2) => "Center-weighted average",
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(0x9207, 3) => "Spot",
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(0x9207, 5) => "Pattern",
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(0xa001, 1) => "sRGB",
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(0xa001, 0xffff) => "Uncalibrated",
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(0xa402, 0) => "Auto",
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(0xa402, 1) => "Manual",
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(0xa402, 2) => "Auto bracket",
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(0xa403, 0) => "Auto",
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(0xa403, 1) => "Manual",
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(0xa406, 0) => "Standard",
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(0xa406, 1) => "Landscape",
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(0xa406, 2) => "Portrait",
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(0xa406, 3) => "Night",
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(0x9209, 0) => "No flash",
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(0x9209, 1) => "Fired",
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(0x9209, 5) => "Fired, return not detected",
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(0x9209, 7) => "Fired, return detected",
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(0x9209, 9) => "On, fired",
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(0x9209, 16) => "Off, did not fire",
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(0x9209, 24) => "Auto, did not fire",
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(0x9209, 25) => "Auto, fired",
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(0x9209, 32) => "No flash function",
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(0x9208, 0) => "Unknown",
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(0x9208, 1) => "Daylight",
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(0x9208, 2) => "Fluorescent",
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(0x9208, 3) => "Tungsten",
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(0x9208, 4) => "Flash",
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_ => return None,
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})
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}
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fn value_text(group: &str, tag: u16, v: &Value) -> String {
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let single = |x: i64| enumerated(group, tag, x).map(str::to_string).unwrap_or_else(|| x.to_string());
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match v {
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Value::Ascii(s) => s.trim().to_string(),
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Value::Short(a) if a.len() == 1 => single(a[0] as i64),
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Value::Long(a) if a.len() == 1 => single(a[0] as i64),
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Value::Short(a) => list(a),
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Value::Long(a) => list(a),
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Value::SShort(a) => list(a),
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Value::SLong(a) => list(a),
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Value::Long8(a) => list(a),
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Value::SLong8(a) => list(a),
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Value::Float(a) => list(a),
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Value::Double(a) => list(a),
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Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x829a && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 && a[0].1 != 0 => {
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// exposure time as a fraction of a second
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let (n, d) = a[0];
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let s = n as f64 / d as f64;
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if s >= 1.0 || n == 0 { format!("{} s", rational(n as f64, d as f64)) } else { format!("1/{} s", (1.0 / s).round()) }
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}
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Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x829d && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 => format!("f/{}", rational(a[0].0 as f64, a[0].1 as f64)),
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Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x920a && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 => format!("{} mm", rational(a[0].0 as f64, a[0].1 as f64)),
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Value::Rational(a) => a.iter().map(|(n, d)| rational(*n as f64, *d as f64)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", "),
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Value::SRational(a) => a.iter().map(|(n, d)| rational(*n as f64, *d as f64)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", "),
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Value::Byte(b) | Value::Undefined(b) => {
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// version tags and short printable values read as text
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let printable = b.len() <= 64 && b.iter().all(|c| c.is_ascii_graphic() || *c == b' ' || *c == 0);
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if printable && !b.is_empty() {
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String::from_utf8_lossy(b).trim_end_matches('\0').trim().to_string()
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} else if b.len() <= 8 {
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list(b)
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} else {
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format!("({} bytes)", b.len())
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}
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}
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Value::SByte(a) => list(a),
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Value::Ifd(a) => format!("(IFD at {})", list(a)),
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Value::Ifd8(a) => format!("(IFD at {})", list(a)),
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}
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}
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fn rows_of(group: &'static str, ifd: &Ifd, out: &mut Vec<TagRow>) {
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for e in &ifd.entries {
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// pointers to other IFDs and image data are structure, not metadata
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if matches!(e.tag, 0x8769 | 0x8825 | 0xa005 | 0x014a | 0x0111 | 0x0117 | 0x0144 | 0x0145 | 0x0201 | 0x0202 | 0x02bc | 0x83bb | 0x8773)
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&& group != "GPS"
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{
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continue;
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}
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out.push(TagRow { group, tag: e.tag, name: name(group, e.tag), value: value_text(group, e.tag, &e.value) });
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}
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}
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/// The IFD holding a raw file's sensor data when it is not IFD0 (a colour-filter-array or linear-raw
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/// image in a sub-IFD). IFD0 of such files describes a thumbnail, so its Compression is not the raw's.
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fn raw_image_ifd(ifd0: &Ifd) -> Option<&Ifd> {
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ifd0.sub_ifds.iter().find(|s| matches!(s.u32(0x0106), Some(32803 | 34892)))
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}
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/// Nikon maker note `NEFCompression` (0x0093) spelled out, per the public Nikon tag documentation.
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fn nef_compression(v: u32) -> Option<&'static str> {
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Some(match v {
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1 => "Lossy (type 1)",
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2 => "Uncompressed",
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3 => "Lossless",
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4 => "Lossy (type 2)",
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5 => "Striped packed 12 bits",
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6 => "Uncompressed (reduced to 12 bit)",
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7 => "Unpacked 12 bits",
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8 => "Small",
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9 => "Packed 12 bits",
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10 => "Packed 14 bits",
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13 => "High Efficiency",
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14 => "High Efficiency*",
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_ => return None,
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})
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}
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/// Nikon maker note NEFCompression of a raw file, spelled out; `None` for other files or values.
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fn nikon_nef_compression(tiff: &Tiff, bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<&'static str> {
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let ifd0 = tiff.ifds.first()?;
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let make = ifd0.string(0x010f)?;
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if !make.to_ascii_uppercase().starts_with("NIKON") {
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return None;
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}
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let e = ifd0.exif.as_ref()?.get(0x927c)?;
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let mn = lightcraft_tiff::makernote::parse_makernote(bytes, e.offset, e.count() as u64, tiff.order, &make)?;
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nef_compression(mn.ifd.u32(0x0093)?)
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}
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/// Every tag of a parsed TIFF structure (a TIFF-based raw, a TIFF, or an EXIF block): IFD0,
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/// then the EXIF, GPS and interoperability IFDs. A raw file's Compression row is the sensor
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/// image's, not IFD0's thumbnail's.
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pub fn tag_rows(tiff: &Tiff) -> Vec<TagRow> {
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let mut out = Vec::new();
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if let Some(ifd0) = tiff.ifds.first() {
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rows_of("TIFF", ifd0, &mut out);
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if let Some(c) = raw_image_ifd(ifd0).and_then(|r| r.value(0x0103))
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&& let Some(row) = out.iter_mut().find(|r| r.tag == 0x0103)
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{
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// lossless JPEG (DNG, CR2) on the sensor image; plain "JPEG" would read as lossy
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row.value = if c.get_u64(0) == Some(7) { "Lossless JPEG".to_string() } else { value_text("TIFF", 0x0103, c) };
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}
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if let Some(e) = &ifd0.exif {
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rows_of("EXIF", e, &mut out);
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if let Some(i) = &e.interop {
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rows_of("Interop", i, &mut out);
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}
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}
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if let Some(g) = &ifd0.gps {
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rows_of("GPS", g, &mut out);
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}
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}
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out
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}
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/// [`tag_rows`] of a file's bytes: a TIFF-based file directly, else its embedded EXIF block
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/// (JPEG, PNG, WebP, HEIF…). Empty when there is none.
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pub fn file_tag_rows(bytes: &[u8]) -> Vec<TagRow> {
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if Tiff::sniff(bytes).is_some()
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&& let Ok(t) = Tiff::parse(bytes)
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{
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let mut rows = tag_rows(&t);
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if let Some(words) = nikon_nef_compression(&t, bytes)
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&& let Some(row) = rows.iter_mut().find(|r| r.group == "TIFF" && r.tag == 0x0103)
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{
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row.value = words.to_string();
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}
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return rows;
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}
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let Some(exif) = crate::embedded(bytes).exif else { return Vec::new() };
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Tiff::parse(crate::strip_exif_header(&exif)).map(|t| tag_rows(&t)).unwrap_or_default()
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}
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#[cfg(test)]
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mod tests {
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use super::*;
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#[test]
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fn rows_from_written_exif() {
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let m = crate::Metadata {
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make: Some("Maker".into()),
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model: Some("Model X".into()),
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exposure_time: Some(1.0 / 250.0),
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f_number: Some(2.8),
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iso: Some(400),
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focal_length: Some(35.0),
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gps: Some(crate::Gps { latitude: 51.5, longitude: -0.12, altitude: Some(20.0) }),
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..Default::default()
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};
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let exif = crate::write_exif(&m);
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let t = Tiff::parse(crate::strip_exif_header(&exif)).unwrap();
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let rows = tag_rows(&t);
|
||||
let get = |n: &str| rows.iter().find(|r| r.name == n).map(|r| r.value.clone());
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Make").as_deref(), Some("Maker"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Exposure Time").as_deref(), Some("1/250 s"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("F-Number").as_deref(), Some("f/2.8"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Focal Length").as_deref(), Some("35 mm"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("ISO Speed").as_deref(), Some("400"));
|
||||
assert!(rows.iter().any(|r| r.group == "GPS" && r.name == "GPS Latitude"), "{rows:?}");
|
||||
assert!(!rows.iter().any(|r| r.tag == 0x8769), "IFD pointers are left out");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn entry(tag: u16, ty: u16, count: u32, val: u32) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let mut e = Vec::new();
|
||||
e.extend(tag.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(ty.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(count.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(val.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn ifd(entries: &[Vec<u8>]) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let mut b = (entries.len() as u16).to_le_bytes().to_vec();
|
||||
entries.iter().for_each(|e| b.extend(e));
|
||||
b.extend(0u32.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
b
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// A little-endian raw with a thumbnail IFD0 (`Compression` 1), a CFA sub-IFD (`Compression`
|
||||
/// 34713) and, when `nef` is set, a Nikon maker note whose NEFCompression is that value.
|
||||
fn synthetic_raw(nef: Option<u16>) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let make = b"NIKON CORPORATION ";
|
||||
let mut note = b"Nikon II* ".to_vec();
|
||||
note.extend(ifd(&[entry(0x0093, 3, 1, nef.unwrap_or(0) as u32)]));
|
||||
let ifd0_len = 2 + 4 * 12 + 4;
|
||||
let sub_at = 8 + ifd0_len;
|
||||
let sub = ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 34713), entry(0x0106, 3, 1, 32803)]);
|
||||
let exif_at = sub_at + sub.len();
|
||||
let exif_len = 2 + 12 + 4;
|
||||
let make_at = exif_at + exif_len;
|
||||
let note_at = make_at + make.len();
|
||||
let mut b = b"II* ".to_vec();
|
||||
b.extend(ifd(&[
|
||||
entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 1),
|
||||
entry(0x010f, 2, make.len() as u32, make_at as u32),
|
||||
entry(0x014a, 4, 1, sub_at as u32),
|
||||
entry(0x8769, 4, 1, exif_at as u32),
|
||||
]));
|
||||
b.extend(sub);
|
||||
b.extend(ifd(&[entry(0x927c, 7, note.len() as u32, if nef.is_some() { note_at as u32 } else { 0 })]));
|
||||
b.extend(make);
|
||||
b.extend(note);
|
||||
b
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn compression(rows: &[TagRow]) -> Vec<&str> {
|
||||
rows.iter().filter(|r| r.group == "TIFF" && r.tag == 0x0103).map(|r| r.value.as_str()).collect()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn raw_compression_is_the_sensor_images_not_the_thumbnails() {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(None);
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), ["Nikon NEF Compressed"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn nef_compression_is_spelled_out_from_the_maker_note() {
|
||||
for (v, words) in [(3, "Lossless"), (10, "Packed 14 bits"), (2, "Uncompressed"), (14, "High Efficiency*")] {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(Some(v));
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), [words]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn dng_raw_sub_ifd_jpeg_is_lossless_but_a_plain_jpeg_tiff_is_not() {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(None);
|
||||
// switch the sensor sub-IFD's Compression from 34713 to 7
|
||||
let pos = b.windows(12).position(|w| w == entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 34713).as_slice()).unwrap();
|
||||
let mut dng = b.clone();
|
||||
dng[pos + 8] = 7;
|
||||
dng[pos + 9] = 0;
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&dng)), ["Lossless JPEG"]);
|
||||
let plain = [b"II* ".to_vec(), ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 7)])].concat();
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&plain)), ["JPEG"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn plain_tiff_keeps_its_own_compression() {
|
||||
let b = [b"II* ".to_vec(), ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 8)])].concat();
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), ["Deflate"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
//! Every EXIF / TIFF / GPS tag of a file as readable `(group, name, value)` rows (the Info
|
||||
//! panel's "All Metadata"). Names follow the public TIFF 6.0 / EXIF 2.3 / DNG specifications;
|
||||
//! common enumerations are spelled out, everything else is shown as stored. Maker notes and
|
||||
//! binary blobs are summarised by size.
|
||||
|
||||
use lightcraft_tiff::{Ifd, Tiff, Value};
|
||||
|
||||
/// One metadata row.
|
||||
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]
|
||||
pub struct TagRow {
|
||||
/// `TIFF`, `EXIF`, `GPS`, `Interop`.
|
||||
pub group: &'static str,
|
||||
pub tag: u16,
|
||||
pub name: String,
|
||||
pub value: String,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
const NAMES: &[(u16, &str)] = &[
|
||||
// TIFF / IFD0
|
||||
(0x00fe, "Subfile Type"),
|
||||
(0x0100, "Image Width"),
|
||||
(0x0101, "Image Height"),
|
||||
(0x0102, "Bits Per Sample"),
|
||||
(0x0103, "Compression"),
|
||||
(0x0106, "Photometric Interpretation"),
|
||||
(0x010e, "Image Description"),
|
||||
(0x010f, "Make"),
|
||||
(0x0110, "Model"),
|
||||
(0x0112, "Orientation"),
|
||||
(0x0115, "Samples Per Pixel"),
|
||||
(0x0116, "Rows Per Strip"),
|
||||
(0x0214, "Reference Black/White"),
|
||||
(0x9216, "TIFF/EP Standard ID"),
|
||||
(0x828d, "CFA Repeat Pattern Dim"),
|
||||
(0x828e, "CFA Pattern"),
|
||||
(0xa302, "CFA Pattern"),
|
||||
(0x9217, "Sensing Method"),
|
||||
(0xc4a5, "Print Image Matching"),
|
||||
(0xa500, "Gamma"),
|
||||
(0x011a, "X Resolution"),
|
||||
(0x011b, "Y Resolution"),
|
||||
(0x011c, "Planar Configuration"),
|
||||
(0x0128, "Resolution Unit"),
|
||||
(0x0131, "Software"),
|
||||
(0x0132, "Date/Time Modified"),
|
||||
(0x013b, "Artist"),
|
||||
(0x013e, "White Point"),
|
||||
(0x013f, "Primary Chromaticities"),
|
||||
(0x0213, "YCbCr Positioning"),
|
||||
(0x8298, "Copyright"),
|
||||
(0xc612, "DNG Version"),
|
||||
(0xc614, "Unique Camera Model"),
|
||||
(0xc62f, "Camera Serial Number"),
|
||||
// EXIF
|
||||
(0x829a, "Exposure Time"),
|
||||
(0x829d, "F-Number"),
|
||||
(0x8822, "Exposure Program"),
|
||||
(0x8824, "Spectral Sensitivity"),
|
||||
(0x8827, "ISO Speed"),
|
||||
(0x8830, "Sensitivity Type"),
|
||||
(0x8832, "Recommended Exposure Index"),
|
||||
(0x9000, "Exif Version"),
|
||||
(0x9003, "Date/Time Original"),
|
||||
(0x9004, "Date/Time Digitized"),
|
||||
(0x9010, "Offset Time"),
|
||||
(0x9011, "Offset Time Original"),
|
||||
(0x9012, "Offset Time Digitized"),
|
||||
(0x9101, "Components Configuration"),
|
||||
(0x9102, "Compressed Bits Per Pixel"),
|
||||
(0x9201, "Shutter Speed Value"),
|
||||
(0x9202, "Aperture Value"),
|
||||
(0x9203, "Brightness Value"),
|
||||
(0x9204, "Exposure Compensation"),
|
||||
(0x9205, "Max Aperture Value"),
|
||||
(0x9206, "Subject Distance"),
|
||||
(0x9207, "Metering Mode"),
|
||||
(0x9208, "Light Source"),
|
||||
(0x9209, "Flash"),
|
||||
(0x920a, "Focal Length"),
|
||||
(0x9214, "Subject Area"),
|
||||
(0x927c, "Maker Note"),
|
||||
(0x9286, "User Comment"),
|
||||
(0x9290, "Sub-second Time"),
|
||||
(0x9291, "Sub-second Time Original"),
|
||||
(0x9292, "Sub-second Time Digitized"),
|
||||
(0xa000, "FlashPix Version"),
|
||||
(0xa001, "Color Space"),
|
||||
(0xa002, "Pixel X Dimension"),
|
||||
(0xa003, "Pixel Y Dimension"),
|
||||
(0xa20e, "Focal Plane X Resolution"),
|
||||
(0xa20f, "Focal Plane Y Resolution"),
|
||||
(0xa210, "Focal Plane Resolution Unit"),
|
||||
(0xa215, "Exposure Index"),
|
||||
(0xa217, "Sensing Method"),
|
||||
(0xa300, "File Source"),
|
||||
(0xa301, "Scene Type"),
|
||||
(0xa401, "Custom Rendered"),
|
||||
(0xa402, "Exposure Mode"),
|
||||
(0xa403, "White Balance"),
|
||||
(0xa404, "Digital Zoom Ratio"),
|
||||
(0xa405, "Focal Length in 35mm Film"),
|
||||
(0xa406, "Scene Capture Type"),
|
||||
(0xa407, "Gain Control"),
|
||||
(0xa408, "Contrast"),
|
||||
(0xa409, "Saturation"),
|
||||
(0xa40a, "Sharpness"),
|
||||
(0xa40c, "Subject Distance Range"),
|
||||
(0xa420, "Image Unique ID"),
|
||||
(0xa430, "Camera Owner Name"),
|
||||
(0xa431, "Body Serial Number"),
|
||||
(0xa432, "Lens Specification"),
|
||||
(0xa433, "Lens Make"),
|
||||
(0xa434, "Lens Model"),
|
||||
(0xa435, "Lens Serial Number"),
|
||||
// GPS
|
||||
(0x0000, "GPS Version"),
|
||||
(0x0001, "GPS Latitude Ref"),
|
||||
(0x0002, "GPS Latitude"),
|
||||
(0x0003, "GPS Longitude Ref"),
|
||||
(0x0004, "GPS Longitude"),
|
||||
(0x0005, "GPS Altitude Ref"),
|
||||
(0x0006, "GPS Altitude"),
|
||||
(0x0007, "GPS Time Stamp"),
|
||||
(0x000c, "GPS Speed Ref"),
|
||||
(0x000d, "GPS Speed"),
|
||||
(0x0010, "GPS Img Direction Ref"),
|
||||
(0x0011, "GPS Img Direction"),
|
||||
(0x0012, "GPS Map Datum"),
|
||||
(0x001d, "GPS Date Stamp"),
|
||||
];
|
||||
|
||||
/// GPS tags reuse low numbers, so they are looked up separately.
|
||||
fn name(group: &str, tag: u16) -> String {
|
||||
let gps = group == "GPS";
|
||||
NAMES
|
||||
.iter()
|
||||
.find(|(t, n)| *t == tag && (n.starts_with("GPS") == gps || (gps && tag > 0x1f)))
|
||||
.map(|(_, n)| n.to_string())
|
||||
.unwrap_or_else(|| format!("Tag 0x{tag:04X}"))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn rational(n: f64, d: f64) -> String {
|
||||
if d == 0.0 {
|
||||
return "—".into();
|
||||
}
|
||||
let v = n / d;
|
||||
if (v - v.round()).abs() < 1e-9 { format!("{}", v.round()) } else { format!("{:.4}", v).trim_end_matches('0').to_string() }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn list<T: ToString>(v: &[T]) -> String {
|
||||
let shown: Vec<String> = v.iter().take(16).map(|x| x.to_string()).collect();
|
||||
if v.len() > 16 { format!("{} … ({} values)", shown.join(", "), v.len()) } else { shown.join(", ") }
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Spelled-out enumerations for the commonest tags.
|
||||
fn enumerated(group: &str, tag: u16, v: i64) -> Option<&'static str> {
|
||||
if group == "GPS" {
|
||||
return None;
|
||||
}
|
||||
Some(match (tag, v) {
|
||||
(0x0112, 1) => "Horizontal (normal)",
|
||||
(0x0112, 3) => "Rotated 180°",
|
||||
(0x0112, 6) => "Rotated 90° CW",
|
||||
(0x0112, 8) => "Rotated 90° CCW",
|
||||
(0x0112, 2) => "Mirrored horizontally",
|
||||
(0x0112, 4) => "Mirrored vertically",
|
||||
(0x0103, 1) => "Uncompressed",
|
||||
(0x0103, 6) => "JPEG (old-style)",
|
||||
(0x0103, 7) => "JPEG",
|
||||
(0x0103, 8) => "Deflate",
|
||||
(0x0103, 32773) => "PackBits",
|
||||
(0x0103, 34892) => "Lossy JPEG",
|
||||
(0x0103, 34713) => "Nikon NEF Compressed",
|
||||
(0x0103, 32767) => "Sony ARW Compressed",
|
||||
(0x0103, 52546) => "JPEG XL",
|
||||
(0x0106, 0) => "WhiteIsZero",
|
||||
(0x0106, 1) => "BlackIsZero",
|
||||
(0x0106, 2) => "RGB",
|
||||
(0x0106, 6) => "YCbCr",
|
||||
(0x0106, 32803) => "Color Filter Array",
|
||||
(0x0106, 34892) => "Linear Raw",
|
||||
(0x011c, 1) => "Chunky",
|
||||
(0x011c, 2) => "Planar",
|
||||
(0x0128, 2) => "inches",
|
||||
(0x0128, 3) => "centimetres",
|
||||
(0x8822, 1) => "Manual",
|
||||
(0x8822, 2) => "Program",
|
||||
(0x8822, 3) => "Aperture priority",
|
||||
(0x8822, 4) => "Shutter priority",
|
||||
(0x9207, 2) => "Center-weighted average",
|
||||
(0x9207, 3) => "Spot",
|
||||
(0x9207, 5) => "Pattern",
|
||||
(0xa001, 1) => "sRGB",
|
||||
(0xa001, 0xffff) => "Uncalibrated",
|
||||
(0xa402, 0) => "Auto",
|
||||
(0xa402, 1) => "Manual",
|
||||
(0xa402, 2) => "Auto bracket",
|
||||
(0xa403, 0) => "Auto",
|
||||
(0xa403, 1) => "Manual",
|
||||
(0xa406, 0) => "Standard",
|
||||
(0xa406, 1) => "Landscape",
|
||||
(0xa406, 2) => "Portrait",
|
||||
(0xa406, 3) => "Night",
|
||||
(0x9209, 0) => "No flash",
|
||||
(0x9209, 1) => "Fired",
|
||||
(0x9209, 5) => "Fired, return not detected",
|
||||
(0x9209, 7) => "Fired, return detected",
|
||||
(0x9209, 9) => "On, fired",
|
||||
(0x9209, 16) => "Off, did not fire",
|
||||
(0x9209, 24) => "Auto, did not fire",
|
||||
(0x9209, 25) => "Auto, fired",
|
||||
(0x9209, 32) => "No flash function",
|
||||
(0x9208, 0) => "Unknown",
|
||||
(0x9208, 1) => "Daylight",
|
||||
(0x9208, 2) => "Fluorescent",
|
||||
(0x9208, 3) => "Tungsten",
|
||||
(0x9208, 4) => "Flash",
|
||||
_ => return None,
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn value_text(group: &str, tag: u16, v: &Value) -> String {
|
||||
let single = |x: i64| enumerated(group, tag, x).map(str::to_string).unwrap_or_else(|| x.to_string());
|
||||
match v {
|
||||
Value::Ascii(s) => s.trim().to_string(),
|
||||
Value::Short(a) if a.len() == 1 => single(a[0] as i64),
|
||||
Value::Long(a) if a.len() == 1 => single(a[0] as i64),
|
||||
Value::Short(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Long(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::SShort(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::SLong(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Long8(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::SLong8(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Float(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Double(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x829a && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 && a[0].1 != 0 => {
|
||||
// exposure time as a fraction of a second
|
||||
let (n, d) = a[0];
|
||||
let s = n as f64 / d as f64;
|
||||
if s >= 1.0 || n == 0 { format!("{} s", rational(n as f64, d as f64)) } else { format!("1/{} s", (1.0 / s).round()) }
|
||||
}
|
||||
Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x829d && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 => format!("f/{}", rational(a[0].0 as f64, a[0].1 as f64)),
|
||||
Value::Rational(a) if tag == 0x920a && group != "GPS" && a.len() == 1 => format!("{} mm", rational(a[0].0 as f64, a[0].1 as f64)),
|
||||
Value::Rational(a) => a.iter().map(|(n, d)| rational(*n as f64, *d as f64)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", "),
|
||||
Value::SRational(a) => a.iter().map(|(n, d)| rational(*n as f64, *d as f64)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(", "),
|
||||
Value::Byte(b) | Value::Undefined(b) => {
|
||||
// version tags and short printable values read as text
|
||||
let printable = b.len() <= 64 && b.iter().all(|c| c.is_ascii_graphic() || *c == b' ' || *c == 0);
|
||||
if printable && !b.is_empty() {
|
||||
String::from_utf8_lossy(b).trim_end_matches('\0').trim().to_string()
|
||||
} else if b.len() <= 8 {
|
||||
list(b)
|
||||
} else {
|
||||
format!("({} bytes)", b.len())
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Value::SByte(a) => list(a),
|
||||
Value::Ifd(a) => format!("(IFD at {})", list(a)),
|
||||
Value::Ifd8(a) => format!("(IFD at {})", list(a)),
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn rows_of(group: &'static str, ifd: &Ifd, out: &mut Vec<TagRow>) {
|
||||
for e in &ifd.entries {
|
||||
// pointers to other IFDs and image data are structure, not metadata
|
||||
if matches!(e.tag, 0x8769 | 0x8825 | 0xa005 | 0x014a | 0x0111 | 0x0117 | 0x0144 | 0x0145 | 0x0201 | 0x0202 | 0x02bc | 0x83bb | 0x8773)
|
||||
&& group != "GPS"
|
||||
{
|
||||
continue;
|
||||
}
|
||||
out.push(TagRow { group, tag: e.tag, name: name(group, e.tag), value: value_text(group, e.tag, &e.value) });
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// The IFD holding a raw file's sensor data when it is not IFD0 (a colour-filter-array or linear-raw
|
||||
/// image in a sub-IFD). IFD0 of such files describes a thumbnail, so its Compression is not the raw's.
|
||||
fn raw_image_ifd(ifd0: &Ifd) -> Option<&Ifd> {
|
||||
ifd0.sub_ifds.iter().find(|s| matches!(s.u32(0x0106), Some(32803 | 34892)))
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Nikon maker note `NEFCompression` (0x0093) spelled out, per the public Nikon tag documentation.
|
||||
fn nef_compression(v: u32) -> Option<&'static str> {
|
||||
Some(match v {
|
||||
1 => "Lossy (type 1)",
|
||||
2 => "Uncompressed",
|
||||
3 => "Lossless",
|
||||
4 => "Lossy (type 2)",
|
||||
5 => "Striped packed 12 bits",
|
||||
6 => "Uncompressed (reduced to 12 bit)",
|
||||
7 => "Unpacked 12 bits",
|
||||
8 => "Small",
|
||||
9 => "Packed 12 bits",
|
||||
10 => "Packed 14 bits",
|
||||
13 => "High Efficiency",
|
||||
14 => "High Efficiency*",
|
||||
_ => return None,
|
||||
})
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Nikon maker note NEFCompression of a raw file, spelled out; `None` for other files or values.
|
||||
fn nikon_nef_compression(tiff: &Tiff, bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<&'static str> {
|
||||
let ifd0 = tiff.ifds.first()?;
|
||||
let make = ifd0.string(0x010f)?;
|
||||
if !make.to_ascii_uppercase().starts_with("NIKON") {
|
||||
return None;
|
||||
}
|
||||
let e = ifd0.exif.as_ref()?.get(0x927c)?;
|
||||
let mn = lightcraft_tiff::makernote::parse_makernote(bytes, e.offset, e.count() as u64, tiff.order, &make)?;
|
||||
nef_compression(mn.ifd.u32(0x0093)?)
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// Every tag of a parsed TIFF structure (a TIFF-based raw, a TIFF, or an EXIF block): IFD0,
|
||||
/// then the EXIF, GPS and interoperability IFDs. A raw file's Compression row is the sensor
|
||||
/// image's, not IFD0's thumbnail's.
|
||||
pub fn tag_rows(tiff: &Tiff) -> Vec<TagRow> {
|
||||
let mut out = Vec::new();
|
||||
if let Some(ifd0) = tiff.ifds.first() {
|
||||
rows_of("TIFF", ifd0, &mut out);
|
||||
if let Some(c) = raw_image_ifd(ifd0).and_then(|r| r.value(0x0103))
|
||||
&& let Some(row) = out.iter_mut().find(|r| r.tag == 0x0103)
|
||||
{
|
||||
// lossless JPEG (DNG, CR2) on the sensor image; plain "JPEG" would read as lossy
|
||||
row.value = if c.get_u64(0) == Some(7) { "Lossless JPEG".to_string() } else { value_text("TIFF", 0x0103, c) };
|
||||
}
|
||||
if let Some(e) = &ifd0.exif {
|
||||
rows_of("EXIF", e, &mut out);
|
||||
if let Some(i) = &e.interop {
|
||||
rows_of("Interop", i, &mut out);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
if let Some(g) = &ifd0.gps {
|
||||
rows_of("GPS", g, &mut out);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
out
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// [`tag_rows`] of a file's bytes: a TIFF-based file directly, else its embedded EXIF block
|
||||
/// (JPEG, PNG, WebP, HEIF…). Empty when there is none.
|
||||
pub fn file_tag_rows(bytes: &[u8]) -> Vec<TagRow> {
|
||||
if Tiff::sniff(bytes).is_some()
|
||||
&& let Ok(t) = Tiff::parse(bytes)
|
||||
{
|
||||
let mut rows = tag_rows(&t);
|
||||
if let Some(words) = nikon_nef_compression(&t, bytes)
|
||||
&& let Some(row) = rows.iter_mut().find(|r| r.group == "TIFF" && r.tag == 0x0103)
|
||||
{
|
||||
row.value = words.to_string();
|
||||
}
|
||||
return rows;
|
||||
}
|
||||
let Some(exif) = crate::embedded(bytes).exif else { return Vec::new() };
|
||||
Tiff::parse(crate::strip_exif_header(&exif)).map(|t| tag_rows(&t)).unwrap_or_default()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[cfg(test)]
|
||||
mod tests {
|
||||
use super::*;
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn rows_from_written_exif() {
|
||||
let m = crate::Metadata {
|
||||
make: Some("Maker".into()),
|
||||
model: Some("Model X".into()),
|
||||
exposure_time: Some(1.0 / 250.0),
|
||||
f_number: Some(2.8),
|
||||
iso: Some(400),
|
||||
focal_length: Some(35.0),
|
||||
gps: Some(crate::Gps { latitude: 51.5, longitude: -0.12, altitude: Some(20.0) }),
|
||||
..Default::default()
|
||||
};
|
||||
let exif = crate::write_exif(&m);
|
||||
let t = Tiff::parse(crate::strip_exif_header(&exif)).unwrap();
|
||||
let rows = tag_rows(&t);
|
||||
let get = |n: &str| rows.iter().find(|r| r.name == n).map(|r| r.value.clone());
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Make").as_deref(), Some("Maker"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Exposure Time").as_deref(), Some("1/250 s"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("F-Number").as_deref(), Some("f/2.8"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("Focal Length").as_deref(), Some("35 mm"));
|
||||
assert_eq!(get("ISO Speed").as_deref(), Some("400"));
|
||||
assert!(rows.iter().any(|r| r.group == "GPS" && r.name == "GPS Latitude"), "{rows:?}");
|
||||
assert!(!rows.iter().any(|r| r.tag == 0x8769), "IFD pointers are left out");
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn entry(tag: u16, ty: u16, count: u32, val: u32) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let mut e = Vec::new();
|
||||
e.extend(tag.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(ty.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(count.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e.extend(val.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
e
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn ifd(entries: &[Vec<u8>]) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let mut b = (entries.len() as u16).to_le_bytes().to_vec();
|
||||
entries.iter().for_each(|e| b.extend(e));
|
||||
b.extend(0u32.to_le_bytes());
|
||||
b
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/// A little-endian raw with a thumbnail IFD0 (`Compression` 1), a CFA sub-IFD (`Compression`
|
||||
/// 34713) and, when `nef` is set, a Nikon maker note whose NEFCompression is that value.
|
||||
fn synthetic_raw(nef: Option<u16>) -> Vec<u8> {
|
||||
let make = b"NIKON CORPORATION ";
|
||||
let mut note = b"Nikon II* ".to_vec();
|
||||
note.extend(ifd(&[entry(0x0093, 3, 1, nef.unwrap_or(0) as u32)]));
|
||||
let ifd0_len = 2 + 4 * 12 + 4;
|
||||
let sub_at = 8 + ifd0_len;
|
||||
let sub = ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 34713), entry(0x0106, 3, 1, 32803)]);
|
||||
let exif_at = sub_at + sub.len();
|
||||
let exif_len = 2 + 12 + 4;
|
||||
let make_at = exif_at + exif_len;
|
||||
let note_at = make_at + make.len();
|
||||
let mut b = b"II* ".to_vec();
|
||||
b.extend(ifd(&[
|
||||
entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 1),
|
||||
entry(0x010f, 2, make.len() as u32, make_at as u32),
|
||||
entry(0x014a, 4, 1, sub_at as u32),
|
||||
entry(0x8769, 4, 1, exif_at as u32),
|
||||
]));
|
||||
b.extend(sub);
|
||||
b.extend(ifd(&[entry(0x927c, 7, note.len() as u32, if nef.is_some() { note_at as u32 } else { 0 })]));
|
||||
b.extend(make);
|
||||
b.extend(note);
|
||||
b
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
fn compression(rows: &[TagRow]) -> Vec<&str> {
|
||||
rows.iter().filter(|r| r.group == "TIFF" && r.tag == 0x0103).map(|r| r.value.as_str()).collect()
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn raw_compression_is_the_sensor_images_not_the_thumbnails() {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(None);
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), ["Nikon NEF Compressed"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn nef_compression_is_spelled_out_from_the_maker_note() {
|
||||
for (v, words) in [(3, "Lossless"), (10, "Packed 14 bits"), (2, "Uncompressed"), (14, "High Efficiency*")] {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(Some(v));
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), [words]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn dng_raw_sub_ifd_jpeg_is_lossless_but_a_plain_jpeg_tiff_is_not() {
|
||||
let b = synthetic_raw(None);
|
||||
// switch the sensor sub-IFD's Compression from 34713 to 7
|
||||
let pos = b.windows(12).position(|w| w == entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 34713).as_slice()).unwrap();
|
||||
let mut dng = b.clone();
|
||||
dng[pos + 8] = 7;
|
||||
dng[pos + 9] = 0;
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&dng)), ["Lossless JPEG"]);
|
||||
let plain = [b"II* ".to_vec(), ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 7)])].concat();
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&plain)), ["JPEG"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#[test]
|
||||
fn plain_tiff_keeps_its_own_compression() {
|
||||
let b = [b"II* ".to_vec(), ifd(&[entry(0x0103, 3, 1, 8)])].concat();
|
||||
assert_eq!(compression(&file_tag_rows(&b)), ["Deflate"]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in New Issue