otool and dyld_info print the operand path before a slice's records,
and the Mach-O parsers read that header as output. A file name holding
`Load command` blocks or `(from lib)` lines therefore added a forged
LC_MAIN entrypoint, corrupted the Mach header fields, and injected
imports and exports into `inspect_macho`.
Strip the exact echoed operand header (`<path>:`, `<path> (architecture
<arch>):`, `<path> [<arch>]:`) before parsing. Output without that
header, such as replayed captures, is parsed unchanged.
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>