diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
index 45574f52..12fa00f4 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/canvas.rs
@@ -1201,6 +1201,12 @@ fn ime_output(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, xf: &Xf) {
     });
 }
 
+/// Is overlay label `text` the Artboard tool's "01 - <artboard name>"? It holds a name, so it is
+/// shown as it is; the tools' other labels ("anchor", "path", Puppet Warp's warning) are ours.
+fn names_an_artboard(text: &str) -> bool {
+    text.split_once(" - ").is_some_and(|(n, _)| n.len() >= 2 && n.bytes().all(|b| b.is_ascii_digit()))
+}
+
 fn draw_overlays(p: &egui::Painter, xf: &Xf, overlays: &[Overlay], t: &Tokens) {
     for o in overlays {
         match o {
@@ -1236,7 +1242,13 @@ fn draw_overlays(p: &egui::Painter, xf: &Xf, overlays: &[Overlay], t: &Tokens) {
             }
             Overlay::Label { p: pt, text, color } => {
                 let sp = xf.to_screen(*pt) + vec2(8.0, -14.0);
-                p.text(sp, egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP, tl!(text), egui::FontId::proportional(11.0), c32(*color));
+                p.text(
+                    sp,
+                    egui::Align2::LEFT_TOP,
+                    crate::panels::label_or_name(text, !names_an_artboard(text)),
+                    egui::FontId::proportional(11.0),
+                    c32(*color),
+                );
             }
             Overlay::Highlight { quad, color } => {
                 let c = Color32::from_rgba_unmultiplied(color[0], color[1], color[2], color[3]);
@@ -1415,6 +1427,14 @@ mod tests {
         out.textures_delta.clear();
     }
 
+    /// The Artboard tool's label holds the artboard's name (never translated); the tools' own
+    /// labels are interface text.
+    #[test]
+    fn artboard_labels_name_the_artboard() {
+        assert!(names_an_artboard("01 - Layers") && names_an_artboard("12 - Artboard 12 - copy"));
+        assert!(!names_an_artboard("anchor") && !names_an_artboard("1 - x") && !names_an_artboard("Off the mesh - move closer"));
+    }
+
     fn middle(pos: Pos2, pressed: bool) -> egui::Event {
         egui::Event::PointerButton { pos, button: egui::PointerButton::Middle, pressed, modifiers: Default::default() }
     }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
index 6d969f7e..743b57ac 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/find_font.rs
@@ -76,10 +76,13 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(""));
                 }
                 let styles = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global().styles(&d.str("family"));
-                let mut opts: Vec<&str> = vec!["(closest)"];
+                // "(closest)" is ours; the font's style names are shown as they are.
+                let closest = tl!("(closest)");
+                let mut opts: Vec<&str> = vec![closest];
                 opts.extend(styles.iter().map(String::as_str));
-                let cur = if d.str("style").is_empty() { "(closest)".to_string() } else { d.str("style") };
-                if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "ff-style", &cur, &opts, 120.0) {
+                let style = d.str("style");
+                let cur = if style.is_empty() { closest } else { style.as_str() };
+                if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "ff-style", cur, &opts, 120.0) {
                     d.fields.insert("style".into(), json!(if i == 0 { String::new() } else { styles[i - 1].clone() }));
                 }
             });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv
index d3a3ba7d..4a0642b6 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/i18n/zh-hant.tsv
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 
 	  — missing	  — 遺失
 	 to search every command	 以搜尋所有指令
+	(closest)	(最接近)
 	+ Add Scale	+ 新增縮放比例
 	0.2 (quality) to 100 (speed)	0.2 (品質) 至 100 (速度)
 	1 Color Job…	1 色印刷作業…
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
index 32d0d990..87f440da 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/appearance.rs
@@ -154,6 +154,20 @@ pub fn effect_label(id: &str) -> String {
         .unwrap_or_else(|| id.rsplit('.').next().unwrap_or(id).to_string())
 }
 
+/// Is `id` one of our own effects? A plug-in's effect name and parameters come from the plug-in
+/// and are shown as they are.
+fn built_in_effect(id: &str) -> bool {
+    catalog().iter().any(|c| c.0 == id)
+}
+
+/// [`effect_label`] as shown: a built-in effect's in the UI language, a plug-in's as it is.
+fn shown_effect_label(id: &str) -> String {
+    match catalog().iter().find(|c| c.0 == id) {
+        Some(c) => tl!(&c.1).to_string(),
+        None => effect_label(id),
+    }
+}
+
 /// "Opacity: Default" or "Opacity: 50% Multiply".
 pub fn opacity_text(opacity: f32, blend: BlendMode) -> String {
     if (opacity - 1.0).abs() < 1e-4 && blend == BlendMode::Normal {
@@ -320,7 +334,7 @@ fn default_stack(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let fx = |ui: &mut Ui, e: &Effect, id: (Option<usize>, usize)| {
         let (r, _) = row(ui, false);
         eye(ui, r, ("ap-def-fx", id), e.visible, false);
-        text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0 + if id.0.is_some() { 12.0 } else { 0.0 }, r.center().y), tl!(&effect_label(&e.id)), false);
+        text(ui, pos2(r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0 + if id.0.is_some() { 12.0 } else { 0.0 }, r.center().y), &shown_effect_label(&e.id), false);
         icons::paint(ui, "dc-fx", Rect::from_center_size(r.right_center() - vec2(14.0, 0.0), vec2(16.0, 16.0)), t.icon);
     };
     for (i, it) in ap.items.iter().enumerate().rev() {
@@ -686,7 +700,7 @@ fn effect_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, k: usi
         set_pstate(ui.ctx(), &open_key, !open);
     }
     let lx = r.left() + EYE_W + 24.0;
-    if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-fx-link", item, k), tl!(&effect_label(&e.id))) {
+    if link(ui, pos2(lx, r.center().y), ("ap-fx-link", item, k), &shown_effect_label(&e.id)) {
         select_row(app, ui.ctx(), this);
         if has_options(&e.id) {
             app.run("effect.dialog", json!({"effect": e.id, "index": k, "item": item})).ok();
@@ -724,6 +738,7 @@ fn effect_editor(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, k:
         }
     }
     let mut change: Option<(String, Value)> = None;
+    let built_in = built_in_effect(&e.id);
     let (unit, relative) = (app.session.general_unit(), params.get("relative").and_then(Value::as_bool).unwrap_or(false));
     egui::Frame::NONE.fill(t.panel_darker).inner_margin(egui::Margin { left: (EYE_W + 12.0) as i8, right: 6, top: 4, bottom: 4 }).show(ui, |ui| {
         ui.spacing_mut().item_spacing.y = 3.0;
@@ -732,8 +747,10 @@ fn effect_editor(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, item: Option<usize>, k:
         }
         for (key, v) in &params {
             ui.horizontal(|ui| {
+                // A plug-in's parameter names are its own.
                 let label = humanize(key);
-                ui.add_sized(vec2(84.0, 22.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(tl!(&label)).size(11.5).color(t.text)).truncate());
+                let label = super::label_or_name(&label, built_in);
+                ui.add_sized(vec2(84.0, 22.0), egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(label).size(11.5).color(t.text)).truncate());
                 if let Some(cur) = widgets::blend_param(key, v) {
                     if let Some(m) = widgets::blend_param_dropdown(ui, ("fx-blend", item, k, key.as_str()), cur) {
                         change = Some((key.clone(), m));
@@ -874,18 +891,20 @@ fn delete_selected(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &Ui, node: Option<&Node>, sel:
 pub(crate) fn fx_menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let mut groups: Vec<(String, Vec<(String, String)>)> = vec![];
     let plugins: Vec<_> = vectorcraft_effects::plugin_effects().into_iter().map(catalog_entry).collect();
-    for (id, label, menu) in catalog().iter().chain(&plugins) {
+    // Built-in effects in the UI language; a plug-in's by the name it gives.
+    let built_in = catalog().iter().map(|(id, label, menu)| (id, tl!(label), menu));
+    for (id, label, menu) in built_in.chain(plugins.iter().map(|(id, label, menu)| (id, label.as_str(), menu))) {
         let g = menu.get(1).cloned().unwrap_or_else(|| "Other".into());
         match groups.iter_mut().find(|(n, _)| *n == g) {
-            Some((_, v)) => v.push((id.clone(), label.clone())),
-            None => groups.push((g, vec![(id.clone(), label.clone())])),
+            Some((_, v)) => v.push((id.clone(), label.to_string())),
+            None => groups.push((g, vec![(id.clone(), label.to_string())])),
         }
     }
     for (g, items) in groups {
         ui.menu_button(tl!(&g), |ui| {
             crate::widgets::menu_scroll(ui, |ui| {
                 for (id, label) in items {
-                    if ui.button(format!("{}…", tl!(&label))).clicked() {
+                    if ui.button(format!("{label}…")).clicked() {
                         app.run("effect.dialog", json!({"effect": id})).ok();
                         ui.close();
                     }
@@ -932,7 +951,8 @@ pub fn menu(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let redefine = style
         .as_ref()
         .map_or_else(|| tl!("Redefine Graphic Style").into(), |n| crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Redefine Graphic Style “{name}”"), &[("name", n)]));
-    if menu_item(ui, &redefine, style.is_some(), false) {
+    // Translated above, around the style's name.
+    if widgets::menu_item_name(ui, &redefine, style.is_some(), false) {
         app.run("graphicStyle.redefine", json!({})).ok();
     }
     if menu_item(ui, tl!("Show All Hidden Attributes"), node.as_ref().is_some_and(|n| n.appearance.has_hidden()), false) {
@@ -957,6 +977,9 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(humanize("blur"), "Blur");
         assert!(!effect_label("stylize.dropShadow").contains('…'));
         assert_eq!(effect_label("x.unknownThing"), "unknownThing");
+        // Only our own effects are interface labels; a plug-in's name is its own.
+        assert!(built_in_effect("stylize.dropShadow") && !built_in_effect("plugin.example.glow"));
+        assert_eq!(shown_effect_label("plugin.example.glow"), effect_label("plugin.example.glow"));
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
index 19239733..58fdfb7b 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/attributes.rs
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ fn recent_urls(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     egui::Popup::menu(&resp).show(|ui| {
         ui.set_min_width(220.0);
         for u in &app.session.recent_urls {
-            if menu_item(ui, u, true, false) {
+            if widgets::menu_item_name(ui, u, true, false) {
                 chosen = Some(u.clone());
             }
         }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
index 8853f968..2e9d3fac 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/character.rs
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     let styles = vectorcraft_text::FontDb::global().styles(&s.font_family);
     let snames: Vec<&str> = styles.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
-    if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "ch-style", &s.font_style, &snames, w - 4.0) {
+    if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "ch-style", &s.font_style, &snames, w - 4.0) {
         style(app, json!({"style": snames[i]}));
     }
     ui.add_space(2.0);
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
index 89e4f5a1..c9c8a478 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_guide.rs
@@ -200,7 +200,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
     }
     let (left, right) = app.ui.color_guide.variation.sides();
-    let limit = limit_name(app, &app.ui.color_guide_limit);
+    let key = &app.ui.color_guide_limit;
+    let limit = limit_name(app, key).map(|n| library_panel::library_name(key, &n).to_string());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         widgets::dim_label(ui, left);
         // The library the colours are limited to, centred between the ends.
@@ -214,7 +215,8 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             Some(name) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Limit colors to swatch library: {name}"), &[("name", name)]),
             None => tl!("Limit colors to swatch library").into(),
         };
-        let lr = widgets::icon_button(ui, "library", &tip, limit.is_some(), 24.0);
+        // The tip is translated around the library's name, not looked up whole.
+        let lr = widgets::icon_button(ui, "library", "", limit.is_some(), 24.0).on_hover_text(tip);
         egui::Popup::menu(&lr).show(|ui| limit_menu(app, ui));
         ui.add_space((ui.available_width() - 3.0 * 28.0).max(0.0));
         // Recolor Artwork with the harmony colours as the new colours: the selected art's, or
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
index 29caf04f..751f8dfd 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/color_themes.rs
@@ -211,7 +211,8 @@ fn create(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             Some(n) => crate::i18n::fmt(tl!("Save changes to {name}"), &[("name", n)]),
             None => tl!("Save theme to My Themes").into(),
         };
-        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", &tip, false, 24.0).clicked() {
+        // The tip is translated around the theme's name, not looked up whole.
+        if widgets::icon_button(ui, "save", "", false, 24.0).on_hover_text(tip).clicked() {
             save(app, &ctx);
         }
         let doc = app.session.active().is_some();
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
index 9559ae00..88febc71 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/doc_info.rs
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@ struct Cache {
     info: Value,
 }
 
+/// A `label: value` row. `label` is shown as given: translate an interface label first, a name
+/// stays as it is.
 pub(crate) fn row(ui: &mut Ui, label: &str, value: String) {
     let t = Tokens::get(ui.ctx());
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
-        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(tl!(label)).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
+        ui.label(egui::RichText::new(label).size(12.0).color(t.text_dim));
         ui.with_layout(egui::Layout::right_to_left(egui::Align::Center), |ui| {
             // Long values (paths) are cut to the panel's width; hovering shows them whole.
             ui.add(egui::Label::new(egui::RichText::new(value).size(12.0).color(t.text)).truncate());
@@ -70,10 +72,12 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
             if rows.is_empty() {
                 widgets::dim_label(ui, tl!("None"));
             }
-            for r in rows {
+            let named = named_rows(s["id"].as_str().unwrap_or_default(), rows);
+            for (k, r) in rows.iter().enumerate() {
                 let (label, value) = (r[0].as_str().unwrap_or_default(), r[1].as_str().unwrap_or_default());
+                let label = super::label_or_name(label, !named.contains(&k));
                 if value.is_empty() {
-                    widgets::dim_label(ui, label);
+                    widgets::dim_name(ui, label);
                 } else {
                     row(ui, label, value.into());
                 }
@@ -82,6 +86,21 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
 }
 
+/// The rows of Document Info section `id` labelled by a name (an artboard, a style, a swatch, a
+/// font, an image) rather than an interface label: every row of the lists, and in Document the
+/// artboards, which follow the Artboards count. Names are shown as they are.
+fn named_rows(id: &str, rows: &[Value]) -> std::ops::Range<usize> {
+    match id {
+        "objects" => 0..0,
+        "document" => {
+            let Some(at) = rows.iter().position(|r| r[0] == "Artboards") else { return 0..0 };
+            let count = rows.get(at).and_then(|r| r[1].as_str()).and_then(|n| n.parse::<usize>().ok()).unwrap_or(0);
+            at + 1..(at + 1).saturating_add(count).min(rows.len())
+        }
+        _ => 0..rows.len(),
+    }
+}
+
 /// `docInfo.save {path?, selectionOnly?}`: write the text report to `path`, else a picked file
 /// (the web downloads it) → `{path}`.
 pub(crate) fn save_report(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, p: &Value) -> Result<Value, String> {
@@ -136,6 +155,26 @@ mod tests {
         out.textures_delta.clear();
     }
 
+    /// Artboard, font and other names in the rows are shown as they are, the labels in the UI
+    /// language: an artboard named like a label ("Units") is still a name.
+    #[test]
+    fn names_in_rows_are_told_from_labels() {
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), Default::default());
+        app.session.execute("file.new", &json!({"width": 100, "height": 100})).unwrap();
+        app.session.execute("artboard.setProps", &json!({"index": 0, "name": "Units"})).unwrap();
+        app.session.execute("text.create", &json!({"x": 10, "y": 40, "text": "Hi"})).unwrap();
+        let info = app.session.execute("document.info", &json!({})).unwrap();
+        let rows = |id: &str| info["sections"].as_array().unwrap().iter().find(|s| s["id"] == id).unwrap()["rows"].as_array().unwrap().clone();
+        let doc = rows("document");
+        let named: Vec<&str> = named_rows("document", &doc).map(|k| doc[k][0].as_str().unwrap()).collect();
+        assert_eq!(named, ["Units"], "{doc:?}");
+        assert_eq!(doc.iter().filter(|r| r[0] == "Units").count(), 2, "the label and the artboard");
+        assert_eq!(named_rows("objects", &rows("objects")), 0..0);
+        let fonts = rows("fonts");
+        assert!(!fonts.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(named_rows("fonts", &fonts), 0..fonts.len());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn categories_filter_the_panel_and_save_writes_the_report() {
         let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(vectorcraft_engine::Session::new(), Default::default());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
index 81fc527c..a41e611c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/glyphs.rs
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
         }
         let styles = db.styles(&family);
         let snames: Vec<&str> = styles.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
-        if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "gl-style", &style, &snames, (w * 0.38 - 8.0).max(60.0)) {
+        if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "gl-style", &style, &snames, (w * 0.38 - 8.0).max(60.0)) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "gl-font", Some((family.clone(), snames[i].to_string())));
         }
     });
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
index b644af0f..3c0cc95d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/gradient.rs
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ fn stop_fields(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, g: &Gradient, is_grad: boo
                 Some(n) => format!("{n} {}%", vectorcraft_color::tint_percent(s.tint)),
                 None => s.color.to_hex().to_uppercase(),
             };
-            widgets::dim_label(ui, &label);
+            widgets::dim_name(ui, &label);
             if resp.on_hover_text(tl!("Edit the stop")).clicked() {
                 open_popover(app, i, r.left_bottom() + vec2(0.0, 4.0));
             }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
index 2e792586..3a08447c 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/layers.rs
@@ -22,12 +22,13 @@ fn expanded_id() -> egui::Id {
     egui::Id::new("layers-expanded")
 }
 
-/// The name painted for a row: a generated `<Kind>` name is translated, anything else is user data.
-fn painted_name(n: &Node, name: &str) -> String {
-    if n.name.is_none()
-        && let Some(inner) = name.strip_prefix('<').and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix('>'))
-    {
-        return format!("<{}>", crate::i18n::t(inner));
+/// The name painted for a row in `lang`: a generated `<Kind>` name is translated, anything else is
+/// user data (an unnamed text object shows its text, which can look like `<Path>`; only an empty
+/// one is called `<Text>`).
+fn painted_name(n: &Node, name: &str, lang: crate::i18n::Lang) -> String {
+    let generated = n.name.is_none() && !matches!(&n.kind, NodeKind::Text(t) if t.runs.iter().any(|r| !r.text.is_empty()));
+    if generated && let Some(inner) = name.strip_prefix('<').and_then(|s| s.strip_suffix('>')) {
+        return format!("<{}>", crate::i18n::tr(lang, inner));
     }
     name.to_string()
 }
@@ -244,7 +245,11 @@ fn row(
         _ => {
             let painter = ui.painter().with_clip_rect(name_rect);
             // Generated names ("<Path>", "<Opacity Mask>") are translated where painted; the stored name stays English.
-            let shown = if doc.mask_edit.is_some_and(|m| m.layer == n.id) { tl!("<Opacity Mask>").to_string() } else { painted_name(n, &name) };
+            let shown = if doc.mask_edit.is_some_and(|m| m.layer == n.id) {
+                tl!("<Opacity Mask>").to_string()
+            } else {
+                painted_name(n, &name, crate::i18n::current())
+            };
             let text = painter.text(egui::pos2(x, r.center().y), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, shown, font, t.text);
             // A clipping path's name is underlined, a masked object's with a dashed line.
             if clip_path {
@@ -464,6 +469,28 @@ mod tests {
         out.shapes.iter().filter(|c| matches!(&c.shape, egui::Shape::Circle(cs) if cs.radius == 3.2 && cs.fill != Color32::TRANSPARENT)).count()
     }
 
+    /// A generated `<Kind>` name is translated where painted; an unnamed text object's text never
+    /// is, even when it reads like one.
+    #[test]
+    fn only_generated_names_are_translated() {
+        let zh = crate::i18n::Lang::from_code("zh-hant").unwrap();
+        let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());
+        let run = |app: &mut VectorcraftApp, id: &str, p: serde_json::Value| app.session.execute(id, &p).unwrap();
+        run(&mut app, "file.new", json!({"width": 100, "height": 100}));
+        let rect = run(&mut app, "shape.rectangle", json!({"x": 0, "y": 0, "width": 50, "height": 50}))["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        let text = run(&mut app, "text.create", json!({"x": 10, "y": 40, "text": "<Path>"}))["id"].as_u64().unwrap();
+        let doc = &app.session.active().unwrap().doc;
+        let names = |id: u64| {
+            let n = doc.node(NodeId(id)).unwrap();
+            (n.display_name(), painted_name(n, &n.display_name(), zh))
+        };
+        assert_eq!(names(text), ("<Path>".to_string(), "<Path>".to_string()));
+        let (stored, painted) = names(rect);
+        let inner = stored.trim_start_matches('<').trim_end_matches('>');
+        assert_eq!(painted, format!("<{}>", crate::i18n::tr(zh, inner)));
+        assert_ne!(painted, stored, "translated");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn target_circle_fills_for_non_default_transparency() {
         let mut app = VectorcraftApp::new(Session::new(), Default::default());
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
index 0812a358..bd68193d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/library_panel.rs
@@ -113,6 +113,17 @@ pub(crate) fn submenu(category: &str) -> Option<&'static str> {
     }
 }
 
+/// Is library `id` built in? A library the user saved to the User Defined folder or loaded from a
+/// file (`user/…`, `loaded/…` ids) is named by its file.
+fn builtin_library(id: &str) -> bool {
+    !(id.starts_with("user/") || id.starts_with("loaded/"))
+}
+
+/// Library `id`'s name as shown: a built-in library's in the UI language, any other's as it is.
+pub(crate) fn library_name<'a>(id: &str, name: &'a str) -> &'a str {
+    super::label_or_name(name, builtin_library(id))
+}
+
 /// The opener of library `K`'s libraries (`window.swatchLibrary {library}`): open library `library`
 /// (an id or a name; `list`: the command listing them) in the panel, `null` closing it. `found`
 /// looks a library up: its id, name and item count. → {open, name, count}
@@ -174,8 +185,9 @@ fn window<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context, id: &st
             ui.set_width(256.0);
             let (strip, _) = ui.allocate_exact_size(vec2(256.0, 26.0), Sense::hover());
             ui.painter().rect_filled(strip, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 4, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel_darker);
-            let label = egui::RichText::new(tl!(&name)).font(theme::semibold(12.0));
-            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(tl!(&name).to_string(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
+            let name = library_name(id, &name);
+            let label = egui::RichText::new(name).font(theme::semibold(12.0));
+            let galley = ui.painter().layout_no_wrap(name.to_string(), theme::semibold(12.0), t.text);
             let tab = Rect::from_min_size(strip.min, vec2((galley.size().x + 24.0).min(190.0), 26.0));
             ui.painter().rect_filled(tab, CornerRadius { nw: 4, ne: 0, sw: 0, se: 0 }, t.panel);
             ui.put(tab.shrink2(vec2(12.0, 0.0)), egui::Label::new(label.color(t.text)).truncate().selectable(false));
@@ -359,7 +371,7 @@ pub(crate) fn library_menu<K: LibraryKind>(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui
 pub(crate) fn library_items(ui: &mut Ui, libs: &[LibraryRef], current: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
     let mut chosen = None;
     let mut item = |ui: &mut Ui, l: &LibraryRef| {
-        if menu_item(ui, &l.name, true, current == Some(l.id.as_str())) {
+        if widgets::menu_item_name(ui, library_name(&l.id, &l.name), true, current == Some(l.id.as_str())) {
             chosen = Some(l.id.clone());
         }
     };
@@ -598,5 +610,10 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(app.session.documents().len(), 1, "not opened as a document");
         let other = SwatchLibraries::list(&app).into_iter().find(|l| l.id == open.id).unwrap();
         assert_eq!(other.submenu, Some("Other Libraries"));
+        // Built-in libraries' names are interface labels; a file's is shown as it is.
+        for l in SwatchLibraries::list(&app) {
+            assert_eq!(builtin_library(&l.id), !matches!(l.submenu, Some("User Defined" | "Other Libraries")), "{}", l.id);
+        }
+        assert!(!builtin_library(&open.id) && builtin_library(vectorcraft_engine::cmd::swatchlib::DOCUMENT_SWATCHES));
     }
 }
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
index 1dcef79d..cc0c909b 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/mod.rs
@@ -372,6 +372,14 @@ pub(crate) fn set_pstate<T: Clone + Send + Sync + 'static>(ctx: &egui::Context,
     ctx.data_mut(|d| d.insert_temp(egui::Id::new(("panel-state", key)), v));
 }
 
+/// An entry of a list that mixes interface labels with names (user, file or system data) as
+/// shown: a built-in entry in the UI language, a name exactly as it is (a profile or library the
+/// user calls "Layers" stays "Layers"). Pass the result to the non-translating widgets
+/// (`dropdown_names`, `menu_item_name`, `dim_name`).
+pub(crate) fn label_or_name(s: &str, built_in: bool) -> &str {
+    if built_in { tl!(s) } else { s }
+}
+
 /// "Recent Colors" header + a row of chips (the Session's recent colours, which every paint
 /// command feeds); clicking one applies it to the active proxy (Alt: the inactive one).
 pub(crate) fn recent_colors_row(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
index cf33bc7a..6a9c348d 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/pattern_options.rs
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ fn idle(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
         let labels: Vec<&str> = names.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
-        if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "po-pick", &chosen, &labels, 150.0) {
+        if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "po-pick", &chosen, &labels, 150.0) {
             set_pstate(ui.ctx(), "po-chosen", names[i].clone());
         }
         if widgets::flat_button(ui, tl!("Edit Pattern"), 90.0).clicked()
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
index 39c80ea2..c6bc2dc3 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/separations.rs
@@ -73,11 +73,13 @@ fn plates_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     });
 }
 
+/// A dropdown of the `kind` profiles after `extra` (a built-in entry, shown in the UI language);
+/// profile names are shown as they are. Returns the chosen name.
 fn profile_dropdown(ui: &mut Ui, id: &str, current: &str, kind: ProfileKind, extra: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
     let names: Vec<String> =
         extra.map(str::to_string).into_iter().chain(cms::profiles().into_iter().filter(|p| p.kind == kind).map(|p| p.name)).collect();
-    let refs: Vec<&str> = names.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
-    widgets::dropdown(ui, id, current, &refs, 210.0).map(|i| names[i].clone())
+    let refs: Vec<&str> = names.iter().map(|n| super::label_or_name(n, extra == Some(n.as_str()))).collect();
+    widgets::dropdown_names(ui, id, super::label_or_name(current, extra == Some(current)), &refs, 210.0).and_then(|i| names.get(i).cloned())
 }
 
 fn settings_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
@@ -143,9 +145,10 @@ fn proof_section(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui) {
     let v = proof::view();
     widgets::section_header(ui, tl!("Proof Setup"));
     let cur = v.setup.target.id();
-    let label = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().find(|(id, _)| *id == cur).map_or(cur.as_str(), |(_, l)| l);
-    let labels: Vec<&str> = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().map(|(_, l)| *l).collect();
-    if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown(ui, "proof-target", label, &labels, 230.0) {
+    // A target that isn't one of ours (a loaded profile) shows its name as it is.
+    let label = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().find(|(id, _)| *id == cur).map_or(cur.as_str(), |(_, l)| tl!(*l));
+    let labels: Vec<&str> = PROOF_TARGETS.iter().map(|(_, l)| tl!(*l)).collect();
+    if let Some(i) = widgets::dropdown_names(ui, "proof-target", label, &labels, 230.0) {
         run(app, "view.proofSetup", json!({"target": PROOF_TARGETS[i].0}));
     }
     ui.horizontal(|ui| {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
index 63e887fb..7fd3c3b2 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/stroke.rs
@@ -405,7 +405,8 @@ pub(crate) fn profile_dropdown(app: &VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, cur: Option<&W
                 ui.painter().text(
                     row.left_center() + vec2(84.0, 0.0),
                     egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER,
-                    tl!(e.label),
+                    // A saved profile's name is the user's.
+                    super::label_or_name(e.label, e.built_in),
                     egui::FontId::proportional(11.5),
                     t.text,
                 );
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
index 5f34153a..4df4fb55 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/panels/text_styles.rs
@@ -98,8 +98,9 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut Ui, kind: Kind) {
             } else if resp.hovered() {
                 ui.painter().rect_filled(r, 0.0, t.hover);
             }
-            // The built-in "[Normal … Style]" names are translated where painted; other names are user data.
-            let shown = if name.starts_with('[') && name.ends_with(']') { tl!(name) } else { name.as_str() };
+            // The built-in "[Normal … Style]" (listed first) is translated where painted; other names
+            // are user data, brackets or not.
+            let shown = super::label_or_name(name, *name == normal);
             let label = if overridden { format!("{shown}+") } else { shown.to_string() };
             ui.painter().text(r.left_center() + vec2(8.0, 0.0), egui::Align2::LEFT_CENTER, label, egui::FontId::proportional(12.5), t.text);
             if resp.clicked() {
diff --git a/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs b/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
index 17bb0409..472f4074 100644
--- a/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
+++ b/crates/ui-egui/src/workspaces.rs
@@ -239,8 +239,8 @@ pub fn popup(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ui: &mut egui::Ui) {
                 ui.separator();
             }
             crate::menus::Item::Cmd(label, id, p) => {
-                let label = crate::menus::dynamic_label(app, id, label);
-                let label = tl!(&label);
+                // As the Window menu draws it: custom workspace names (and Reset <name>) as they are.
+                let label = crate::menus::display_label(app, id, label);
                 let text = match crate::menus::checked(app, id, &p) {
                     Some(true) => format!("✓  {label}"),
                     Some(false) => format!("     {label}"),
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ pub fn show(app: &mut VectorcraftApp, ctx: &egui::Context) {
                     ui.set_width(ui.available_width());
                     for n in names(&app.ui) {
                         let builtin = is_builtin(&n);
-                        let shown = if builtin { tl!(&n) } else { n.as_str() };
+                        let shown = crate::panels::label_or_name(&n, builtin);
                         let text = if builtin { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text_dim) } else { egui::RichText::new(shown).color(t.text) };
                         if ui.selectable_label(d.str("selected") == n, text).clicked() && !builtin {
                             d.fields.insert("selected".into(), json!(n));